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1 switching language
Автоматика: язык-посредник -
2 switching language
English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > switching language
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3 language
1) язык || языковой2) машинный язык; набор символов ( машины)•- application-oriented language
- applicative language
- APT programming language
- APT-based language
- artificial language
- assembler language
- assembly language
- block diagram language
- calculus language
- classificatory indexing language
- command language
- communication-information language
- computer language
- context-free language
- context-sensitive language
- control language
- controlled language
- conversational programming language
- data definition language
- data description language
- data general language
- data general programming language
- data manipulation language
- data retrieval language
- data storage description language
- database control language
- database language
- database programming language
- definition language
- description indexing language
- description language
- descriptor indexing language
- DGL interpretative programming language
- documentary language
- domain-dependent language
- domain-independent language
- extended language
- extensible language
- formal language
- formalized language
- general-purpose language
- generic language
- geometry technology language
- global programming language
- graphics picture drawing language
- high-level language
- highly coded language
- hybrid language
- implementation language
- index retrieval language
- indexing language
- information language
- information processing language
- information retrieval language
- informational language
- information-algorithmic language
- interactive language
- interactive reader language
- intermediary language
- intermediate language
- interpretive language
- interrogation language
- ISO language
- job command language
- job control language
- language of science
- logical-information language
- machine control language
- machine language
- machinist's language
- manipulator-oriented language
- manufacturing application language
- meaning-representation language
- meta language
- native language
- natural language
- NC programming language
- numerical command language
- object description language
- object-oriented language
- operational performance analysis language
- plain language
- powerful programming language
- predicate calculus language
- predicate language
- predicate logic language
- problem-oriented language
- procedural language
- processing language
- process-oriented language
- production language
- production-rule language
- program language
- programming language
- query input language
- query language
- representation language
- retrieval language
- robotics language
- robot-programming language
- robot-specialized language
- rule-based programming language
- shop-oriented language
- Siman simulation language
- simulation language
- source language
- special interface programming language
- specification language
- state language
- structured query language
- switching language
- task description language
- task level language
- task-oriented language
- uncontrolled language
- very high level languageEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > language
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4 lenguaje de conversión
(n.) = switching languageEx. This switching language is a notation that can be used by people or computers to translate terms in all natural languages into, and as an intermediate language between, the various languages.* * *(n.) = switching languageEx: This switching language is a notation that can be used by people or computers to translate terms in all natural languages into, and as an intermediate language between, the various languages.
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5 lenguaje
m.1 language.lenguaje cifrado codelenguaje coloquial/comercial colloquial/business languagelenguaje corporal body languagelenguaje gestual gestureslenguaje de alto nivel/de bajo nivel (computing) high-level/low-level languagelenguaje por señas sign language2 jargon, langue, parlance.* * *1 (gen) language2 (habla) speech* * *noun m.1) language2) speech* * *SM1) [gen] language2) (Literat) style3) (Inform) languagelenguaje informático, lenguaje máquina — machine language
* * *masculino language* * *= language, parlance, speech, diction, script, idiom.Ex. A paraphrase is an interpretation of the concepts featured in a document, written in the language of the writer of the paraphrase.Ex. For example, in psychology, S for subject, and E for experimenter are common parlance.Ex. The labels on the left have been chosen to come as close as possible to everyday speech.Ex. Some abstracts have poor grammar and diction.Ex. High quality (400dpi) TIFF files were stored on archival tape, and JPEG thumbnails and full-size images placed on server to be accessed by CGI script.Ex. Using a popular idiom, we might inquire, 'Is this the real McCoy'?.----* búsqueda en lenguaje natural = natural language searching.* en lenguaje automatizado = machine-language.* índice en lenguaje natural = natural language index.* indización en lenguaje controlado = controlled-language indexing.* indización en lenguaje libre = free language indexing.* indización en lenguaje natural = natural language indexing.* interfaz en lenguaje natural = natural language interface.* intérprete de lenguaje de signos = sign language interpreter.* lenguaje algorítmico = algorithmic language.* lenguaje artificial = artificial language.* lenguaje científico = scientific language.* lenguaje coloquial = slang, colloquial language, familiar language, cant.* Lenguaje Común de Instrucción de EURONET = EURONET Common Command Language.* lenguaje controlado = controlled language.* lenguaje corporal = body language.* lenguaje cotidiano = everyday speech, everyday talk, everyday discourse, everyday language.* lenguaje de búsqueda = search language.* lenguaje de codificación = coding language.* lenguaje de consulta = query language, access language.* lenguaje de conversión = switching language.* lenguaje de indización = index language, indexing language.* lenguaje de indización alfabética = alphabetical indexing language.* lenguaje de indización controlado = controlled indexing language.* lenguaje de indización libre = free indexing language.* lenguaje de indización natural = natural indexing language.* lenguaje de interrogación = query language.* lenguaje de la calle = street slang.* lenguaje de la cibernética = cyberspeak.* lenguaje de los contratos = contract language.* lenguaje de objetos = object language.* lenguaje de órdenes = command language.* lenguaje de programación = programming language, computer language, scripting language, script.* lenguaje de programación algorítmico = algorithmic programming language.* lenguaje de recuperación = retrieval language.* lenguaje de signos = sign language.* lenguaje documental = index language, indexing language.* lenguaje ensamblador = assembly language.* lenguaje escrito = written language.* Lenguaje Estándar Universal para el Análisis Formal de Documentos (SGML) = SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language).* lenguaje familiar = colloquial language, familiar language.* lenguaje grosero = foul language.* lenguaje humano = human language.* lenguaje libre = free language.* lenguaje mediador = intermediate language.* lenguaje natural = natural language.* lenguaje normal = plain language.* lenguaje ordinario = foul language.* lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.* lenguaje periodístico = journalese.* lenguaje sexista = sexist language.* lenguaje soez = foul language.* lenguaje técnico = jargon.* lenguaje técnico informático = computerese.* lenguaje tecnológico incomprensible = techno-babble.* lenguaje universal = universal language.* lenguaje vulgar = adult language, vulgar language.* Norma Internacional para los Lenguajes de Instrucción = International Standard for Command Languages.* procesamiento en lenguaje natural = natural language processing.* sistema en lenguaje natural = natural language system.* término del lenguaje controlado = controlled-language term.* término del lenguaje de indización controlado = controlled index-language term.* término del lenguaje natural = natural-language term.* trastorno del lenguaje = language disorder, speech disorder.* XML (Lenguaje Extensible para el Análisis de Documentos) = XML (Extensible Markup Language).* * *masculino language* * *= language, parlance, speech, diction, script, idiom.Ex: A paraphrase is an interpretation of the concepts featured in a document, written in the language of the writer of the paraphrase.
Ex: For example, in psychology, S for subject, and E for experimenter are common parlance.Ex: The labels on the left have been chosen to come as close as possible to everyday speech.Ex: Some abstracts have poor grammar and diction.Ex: High quality (400dpi) TIFF files were stored on archival tape, and JPEG thumbnails and full-size images placed on server to be accessed by CGI script.Ex: Using a popular idiom, we might inquire, 'Is this the real McCoy'?.* búsqueda en lenguaje natural = natural language searching.* en lenguaje automatizado = machine-language.* índice en lenguaje natural = natural language index.* indización en lenguaje controlado = controlled-language indexing.* indización en lenguaje libre = free language indexing.* indización en lenguaje natural = natural language indexing.* interfaz en lenguaje natural = natural language interface.* intérprete de lenguaje de signos = sign language interpreter.* lenguaje algorítmico = algorithmic language.* lenguaje artificial = artificial language.* lenguaje científico = scientific language.* lenguaje coloquial = slang, colloquial language, familiar language, cant.* Lenguaje Común de Instrucción de EURONET = EURONET Common Command Language.* lenguaje controlado = controlled language.* lenguaje corporal = body language.* lenguaje cotidiano = everyday speech, everyday talk, everyday discourse, everyday language.* lenguaje de búsqueda = search language.* lenguaje de codificación = coding language.* lenguaje de consulta = query language, access language.* lenguaje de conversión = switching language.* lenguaje de indización = index language, indexing language.* lenguaje de indización alfabética = alphabetical indexing language.* lenguaje de indización controlado = controlled indexing language.* lenguaje de indización libre = free indexing language.* lenguaje de indización natural = natural indexing language.* lenguaje de interrogación = query language.* lenguaje de la calle = street slang.* lenguaje de la cibernética = cyberspeak.* lenguaje de los contratos = contract language.* lenguaje de objetos = object language.* lenguaje de órdenes = command language.* lenguaje de programación = programming language, computer language, scripting language, script.* lenguaje de programación algorítmico = algorithmic programming language.* lenguaje de recuperación = retrieval language.* lenguaje de signos = sign language.* lenguaje documental = index language, indexing language.* lenguaje ensamblador = assembly language.* lenguaje escrito = written language.* Lenguaje Estándar Universal para el Análisis Formal de Documentos (SGML) = SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language).* lenguaje familiar = colloquial language, familiar language.* lenguaje grosero = foul language.* lenguaje humano = human language.* lenguaje libre = free language.* lenguaje mediador = intermediate language.* lenguaje natural = natural language.* lenguaje normal = plain language.* lenguaje ordinario = foul language.* lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.* lenguaje periodístico = journalese.* lenguaje sexista = sexist language.* lenguaje soez = foul language.* lenguaje técnico = jargon.* lenguaje técnico informático = computerese.* lenguaje tecnológico incomprensible = techno-babble.* lenguaje universal = universal language.* lenguaje vulgar = adult language, vulgar language.* Norma Internacional para los Lenguajes de Instrucción = International Standard for Command Languages.* procesamiento en lenguaje natural = natural language processing.* sistema en lenguaje natural = natural language system.* término del lenguaje controlado = controlled-language term.* término del lenguaje de indización controlado = controlled index-language term.* término del lenguaje natural = natural-language term.* trastorno del lenguaje = language disorder, speech disorder.* XML (Lenguaje Extensible para el Análisis de Documentos) = XML (Extensible Markup Language).* * *languagelenguaje hablado/escrito spoken/written languagelenguaje periodístico journalistic languageCompuestos:body language● lenguaje gestual or de gestossign language● lenguaje de or por señas( esp AmL) sign language* * *
lenguaje sustantivo masculino
language
lenguaje sustantivo masculino language
' lenguaje' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
chino
- Cobol
- escueta
- escueto
- infante
- macarrónica
- macarrónico
- malsonante
- propiedad
- pupa
- retorcida
- retorcido
- rotunda
- rotundo
- simbólica
- simbólico
- suelta
- suelto
- académico
- accesible
- calle
- castizo
- chispeante
- chocar
- crudo
- cuenta
- delicado
- depurado
- depurar
- directo
- empobrecer
- erudito
- especializado
- expresivo
- familiar
- florido
- galimatías
- grosero
- hablado
- hinchado
- indecente
- llano
- mordaz
- pomposo
- procaz
- pulido
- redacción
- rico
- sonoro
- sucio
English:
bad
- body language
- coarse
- computer language
- crude
- flowery
- formal
- foul
- idiom
- improper
- language
- raunchy
- rude
- shocking
- sign language
- smut
- speech
- tummy
- yet
- body
- hypertext markup language
- lay
- low
- sign
* * *lenguaje nmlanguage;sólo entienden el lenguaje de la violencia violence is the only language they understandInformát lenguaje de alto nivel high-level language; Informát lenguaje de autor authoring language; Informát lenguaje de bajo nivel low-level language;lenguaje cifrado code;lenguaje coloquial colloquial language;Informát lenguaje comando command language; Informát lenguaje de comandos command language;lenguaje comercial business language;lenguaje corporal body language;Informát lenguaje ensamblador assembly language;lenguaje gestual gestures;Informát lenguaje máquina machine language; Informát lenguaje de programación programming language;lenguaje de señas sign language;lenguaje por signos sign language;lenguaje de los sordomudos sign language* * *m language* * *lenguaje nm1) : language, speech2)lenguaje de gestos : sign language3)lenguaje de programación : programming language* * *lenguaje n1. (en general) language2. (habla) speech -
6 lenguaje mediador
(n.) = intermediate languageEx. This switching language is a notation that can be used by people or computers to translate terms in all natural languages into, and as an intermediate language between, the various languages.* * *(n.) = intermediate languageEx: This switching language is a notation that can be used by people or computers to translate terms in all natural languages into, and as an intermediate language between, the various languages.
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7 lenguaje natural
(n.) = natural languageEx. A switching language, in the form of a notation, may be used to translate terms from all natural languages, and as an intermediate language between the various languages.* * *(n.) = natural languageEx: A switching language, in the form of a notation, may be used to translate terms from all natural languages, and as an intermediate language between the various languages.
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8 iniciar
v.to start, to initiate.iniciar a alguien en algo to initiate somebody into somethingEl juez inició la carrera The judge initiated the race.El maestro inició a Ricardo The teacher initiated Richard.Ricardo inició ayer Richard started yesterday.Las máquinas iniciaron ayer The machines started=began operation yesterday* * *1 (empezar) to start, begin2 (introducir) to initiate (en, in)1 (empezar) to start, begin\iniciarse en to start to learn about* * *verb* * *1. VT1) [+ actividad] (=comenzar) to begin, start, initiate frm; (=dar origen a) to originate; (=fundar) to pioneeriniciar la sesión — (Inform) to log in, log on
2) [en conocimientos, secta] to initiate (en into)2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (frml) <curso/viaje> to begin, commence (frml); <negociaciones/diligencias> to initiate, commence (frml)b) ( en secta)c) ( en un arte)2.iniciarse v pron1) ceremonia/negociaciones to begin, commence (frml)2) personaa) ( en secta)b) ( en un arte)* * *= initiate, institute, start, inaugurate, pioneer, enter, lead off, detonate, usher in.Ex. The scheme was initiated under the auspices of UNISIST with the intention of providing a switching language.Ex. The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.Ex. Over the past two to three years the numbers of full text data bases and data banks has started to escalate considerably.Ex. In the beginning staff delivered books to readers in their homes, while in 1972 a mobile library service was inaugurated enabling readers to choose their own materials.Ex. Icons, or pictorial representations of objects in systems, were pioneered by Xerox.Ex. Though the reference librarian cannot enter the reference process until he receives the question from the enquirer he is vitally concerned about all of its stages.Ex. Laurence Prusak will lead off the guest lectures on Monday, August 20th.Ex. There has been an explosion in terminology detonated by developments related to XML (eXtensible Markup Language).Ex. Optical technology has ushered in a new phase in the storage and retrieval of information.----* fuego + iniciar = fire + break out.* iniciar el vuelo = take to + the sky.* iniciar las actividades = get + things going, get + things rolling, start + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling.* iniciar los trámites = initiate + action.* iniciarse = cut + Posesivo + spurs.* iniciar una cruzada por = crusade for.* iniciar una investigación = launch + investigation.* iniciar una negociación = open + discussion.* iniciar un proyecto = launch + effort.* que se inicie la contienda = let battle commence.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (frml) <curso/viaje> to begin, commence (frml); <negociaciones/diligencias> to initiate, commence (frml)b) ( en secta)c) ( en un arte)2.iniciarse v pron1) ceremonia/negociaciones to begin, commence (frml)2) personaa) ( en secta)b) ( en un arte)* * *= initiate, institute, start, inaugurate, pioneer, enter, lead off, detonate, usher in.Ex: The scheme was initiated under the auspices of UNISIST with the intention of providing a switching language.
Ex: The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.Ex: Over the past two to three years the numbers of full text data bases and data banks has started to escalate considerably.Ex: In the beginning staff delivered books to readers in their homes, while in 1972 a mobile library service was inaugurated enabling readers to choose their own materials.Ex: Icons, or pictorial representations of objects in systems, were pioneered by Xerox.Ex: Though the reference librarian cannot enter the reference process until he receives the question from the enquirer he is vitally concerned about all of its stages.Ex: Laurence Prusak will lead off the guest lectures on Monday, August 20th.Ex: There has been an explosion in terminology detonated by developments related to XML (eXtensible Markup Language).Ex: Optical technology has ushered in a new phase in the storage and retrieval of information.* fuego + iniciar = fire + break out.* iniciar el vuelo = take to + the sky.* iniciar las actividades = get + things going, get + things rolling, start + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling.* iniciar los trámites = initiate + action.* iniciarse = cut + Posesivo + spurs.* iniciar una cruzada por = crusade for.* iniciar una investigación = launch + investigation.* iniciar una negociación = open + discussion.* iniciar un proyecto = launch + effort.* que se inicie la contienda = let battle commence.* * *iniciar [A1 ]vt1 ( frml); ‹curso/viaje› to begin, commence ( frml); ‹negociaciones/diligencias› to initiate, commence ( frml)2 (en una secta) iniciar A algn EN algo to initiate sb INTO sth3 (en un arte) iniciar a algn EN algo to introduce sb TO sth4 ( Inf) to boot, boot upA «ceremonia/negociaciones» to begin, commence ( frml)B «persona»1 (en una secta) iniciarse EN algo to be initiated INTO sth2 (en un arte) iniciarse EN algo to take one's first steps IN sthse iniciaban en el arte de la oratoria they were taking their first steps in the art of public speaking* * *
iniciar ( conjugate iniciar) verbo transitivo
‹negociaciones/diligencias› to initiate, commence (frml)b) iniciar a algn en algo ‹ en secta› to initiate sb into sth;
‹ en un arte› to introduce sb to sth
iniciarse verbo pronominal
1 [ceremonia/negociaciones] to begin, commence (frml)
2 [ persona] iniciarse en algo ‹ en secta› to be initiated into sth;
‹ en un arte› to take one's first steps in sth
iniciar verbo transitivo
1 (dar comienzo) to begin, start; (poner en marcha) to initiate
iniciar el proceso de paz, to initiate the peace process ➣ Ver nota en begin y start 2 (impartir los primeros conocimientos) to initiate [en, in, into]
(introducir en un grupo, un secreto) to initiate [en, into]
' iniciar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abrir
- entablar
- lanzarse
- proceder
English:
action
- enter into
- get
- initiate
- institute
- open
- should
- introduce
- kick
- prosecute
* * *♦ vt1. [empezar] to start, to initiate;[debate, discusión] to start off* * *v/t initiate; curso start, begin* * *iniciar vtcomenzar: to initiate, to begin* * * -
9 conversión
f.1 conversion, change-over, changeover, qualitative change.2 conversion, rebirth, profound change, regeneration.3 conversion, hysteria.* * *1 conversion* * *noun f.* * *SF1) (=cambio) conversion2) (Mil) wheel* * *1) ( cambio) conversion2) (Relig) conversion3) ( en rugby) conversion4) (Mil) wheel* * *= conversion, remaking [re-making], rendering.Ex. The LC has also participated in two co-operative programs for the conversion of printed record to machine-readable form.Ex. The article 'The remaking of librarians in the knowledge era' details some of the efforts made to 'remake' the collection, advertise library services and rebuild membership.Ex. It is proposed that a dictionary of personal proper names be compiled as a way to reach uniformity in the rendering of foreign personal names into Russian Cyrillic and back into the Latin alphabet.----* conversión al sistema decimal = decimalisation [decimalization, -USA].* conversión al sistema métrico = metrication.* conversión de códigos = transcoding.* conversión de información = data conversion.* conversión de la energía = energy conversion.* conversión de texto a voz = text-to-speech conversion.* conversión en dinero = monetisation [monetization, -USA].* conversión energética = energy conversion.* conversión en valor monetario = monetisation [monetization, -USA].* conversión parcial = superimposition.* conversión retrospectiva de catálogos = retrospective catalogue conversion.* conversión retrospectiva (recon) = retrospective conversion (recon).* conversión total = desuperimposition.* lenguaje de conversión = switching language.* proyecto de conversión = conversion project.* sistema de conversión de texto a voz = text-to-speech system.* * *1) ( cambio) conversion2) (Relig) conversion3) ( en rugby) conversion4) (Mil) wheel* * *= conversion, remaking [re-making], rendering.Ex: The LC has also participated in two co-operative programs for the conversion of printed record to machine-readable form.
Ex: The article 'The remaking of librarians in the knowledge era' details some of the efforts made to 'remake' the collection, advertise library services and rebuild membership.Ex: It is proposed that a dictionary of personal proper names be compiled as a way to reach uniformity in the rendering of foreign personal names into Russian Cyrillic and back into the Latin alphabet.* conversión al sistema decimal = decimalisation [decimalization, -USA].* conversión al sistema métrico = metrication.* conversión de códigos = transcoding.* conversión de información = data conversion.* conversión de la energía = energy conversion.* conversión de texto a voz = text-to-speech conversion.* conversión en dinero = monetisation [monetization, -USA].* conversión energética = energy conversion.* conversión en valor monetario = monetisation [monetization, -USA].* conversión parcial = superimposition.* conversión retrospectiva de catálogos = retrospective catalogue conversion.* conversión retrospectiva (recon) = retrospective conversion (recon).* conversión total = desuperimposition.* lenguaje de conversión = switching language.* proyecto de conversión = conversion project.* sistema de conversión de texto a voz = text-to-speech system.* * *A (cambio) conversiontabla de conversión conversion tableB ( Relig) conversionC (en rugby) conversionD ( Mil) wheelhacer conversión a la izquierda to wheel to the left* * *
conversión sustantivo femenino
conversion
conversión sustantivo femenino conversion
' conversión' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
transformación
English:
changeover
- conversion
- decimalization
* * *conversión nf1. Rel conversion;su conversión al catolicismo lo transformó his conversion to Catholicism transformed himconversión de datos data conversion* * *f conversion* * ** * *conversión n conversion -
10 язык-посредник
1) Linguistics: interlingua2) Information technology: interim language3) Advertising: intermediate language4) Automation: intermediary language (для перевода с одного языка на другой), intermediate language (для перевода с одного языка на другой), switching language -
11 язык-посредник
( для перевода с одного языка на другой) intermediary language, switching languageРусско-английский исловарь по машиностроению и автоматизации производства > язык-посредник
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12 traducción
f.1 translation, rendering, interpretation, translated version.2 translation, translating, interpretation.* * *1 translation\traducción automática INFORMÁTICA machine translationtraducción directa translation from a foreign languagetraducción inversa translation into a foreign language, prose translationtraducción simultánea simultaneous translation* * *noun f.* * *SF translation (a into) (de from)traducción automática, traducción automatizada — automatic translation, machine translation
traducción directa — translation into one's own language
* * *femenino translation* * *= translation, translation, rendering.Ex. Work continues on translations, and these will contribute to AACR's role as a truly international code.Ex. Translation is the process of converting the terms used by the indexer in his subject analysis of a document into the words, or code numbers, of a controlled language o indexing language.Ex. It is proposed that a dictionary of personal proper names be compiled as a way to reach uniformity in the rendering of foreign personal names into Russian Cyrillic and back into the Latin alphabet.----* sistema de traducción automatizada = machine translation system.* traducción asistida por ordenador = computer-aided translation (CAT), computer-assisted translation (CAT).* traducción automatizada = machine translation.* traducción de encabezamientos a través de notaciones bibliográficas = information switching.* * *femenino translation* * *= translation, translation, rendering.Ex: Work continues on translations, and these will contribute to AACR's role as a truly international code.
Ex: Translation is the process of converting the terms used by the indexer in his subject analysis of a document into the words, or code numbers, of a controlled language o indexing language.Ex: It is proposed that a dictionary of personal proper names be compiled as a way to reach uniformity in the rendering of foreign personal names into Russian Cyrillic and back into the Latin alphabet.* sistema de traducción automatizada = machine translation system.* traducción asistida por ordenador = computer-aided translation (CAT), computer-assisted translation (CAT).* traducción automatizada = machine translation.* traducción de encabezamientos a través de notaciones bibliográficas = information switching.* * *A1 (acción) translationla traducción del artículo me llevó un día it took me a day to translate the articletraducción del inglés al español translation from English into Spanish2 (versión) translation¿lo leíste en el original o en traducción? did you read it in the original or in translation?Compuestos:computer-assisted translation, CAT● traducción automática or automatizadamachine translation, automatic translationejercicio de traducción inversa prose, prose translationmachine translationsimultaneous translationB ( Inf) translation* * *
traducción sustantivo femenino
translation;
traducción sustantivo femenino translation
traducción libre, free translation
' traducción' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
baja
- bajo
- bordada
- bordado
- dato
- despertarse
- estar
- irse
- ladrón
- ladrona
- llevar
- sentar
- soler
- te
- tela
- toda
- todo
- traslación
- tutearse
- versión
- aproximado
- fiel
- interpretación
- libre
- revisar
- textual
English:
accurate
- close
- do
- fuck
- loose
- prose
- rendering
- to
- translation
* * *traducción nftranslationtraducción asistida por Esp ordenador oAm computadora computer-aided translation;traducción automática machine translation;traducción directa translation into one's own language;traducción inversa translation out of one's own language;traducción simultánea simultaneous translation* * *f translation;traducción simultánea simultaneous translation* * ** * *traducción n translation -
13 switchgear and controlgear
- НКУ распределения и управления
- коммутационная аппаратура и аппаратура управления
- аппаратура распределения и управления
аппаратура распределения и управления
Общий термин для коммутационных аппаратов и их комбинации с относящимися к ним устройствами управления, измерения, защиты и регулирования, а также для узлов, в которых такие аппараты и устройства соединяются с соответствующими фидерами, комплектующим оборудованием, оболочками и опорными конструкциями.
МЭК 60050 (441-11-01) [1].
[ ГОСТ Р 50030. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60947-1-99)]EN
switchgear and controlgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEC 62271-1, ed. 1.0 (2007-10)]FR
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu’aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEC 62271-1, ed. 1.0 (2007-10)]Тематики
- аппарат, изделие, устройство...
EN
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
коммутационная аппаратура и аппаратура управления
Электрическое оборудование, предназначенное для присоединения к электрической цепи с целью выполнения одной или более следующих функций: защиты, управления, разъединения, коммутации.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]EN
switchgear and controlgear
electric equipment intended to be connected to an electric circuit for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the following functions: protection, control, isolation, switching
NOTE – The French and English terms can be considered as equivalent in most cases. However, the French term has a broader meaning than the English term and includes for example connecting devices, plugs and socket-outlets, etc. In English, these latter devices are known as accessories.
[IEV number 826-16-03]FR
appareillage, m
matériel électrique destiné à être relié à un circuit électrique en vue d'assurer une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes: protection, commande, sectionnement, connexion
NOTE – Les termes français et anglais peuvent être considérés comme équivalents dans la plupart des cas. Toutefois, le terme français couvre un domaine plus étendu que le terme anglais, et comprend notamment les dispositifs de connexion, les prises de courant, etc. En anglais, ces derniers sont dénommés "accessories".
[IEV number 826-16-03]Тематики
- аппарат, изделие, устройство...
- электроустановки
EN
DE
- Schaltgerät, n
- Steuergerät, n
FR
- appareillage, m
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления (НКУ)
Низковольтные коммутационные аппараты и устройства управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования, собранные совместно, со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями и конструктивными элементами.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439-1-2012]
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления
Комбинация низковольтных коммутационных аппаратов с устройствами управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования и т. п., полностью смонтированных изготовителем НКУ (под его ответственность на единой конструктивной основе) со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями с соответствующими конструктивными элементами
Примечания
1. В настоящем стандарте сокращение НКУ используют для обозначения низковольтных комплектных устройств распределения и управления.
2. Аппараты, входящие в состав НКУ, могут быть электромеханическими или электронными.
3. По различным причинам, например по условиям транспортирования или изготовления, некоторые операции сборки могут быть выполнены на месте установки, вне предприятия-изготовителя.
[ ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60439-1-92)]EN
power switchgear and controlgear assembly (PSC-assembly)
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly used to distribute and control energy for all types of loads, intended for industrial, commercial and similar applications where operation by ordinary persons is not intended
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signalling, protective, regulation equipment, etc., completely assembled under the responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts.
[IEC 61892-3, ed. 2.0 (2007-11)]
switchgear and controlgear
a general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEV number 441-11-01]
switchgear and controlgear
electric equipment intended to be connected to an electric circuit for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the following functions: protection, control, isolation, switching
NOTE – The French and English terms can be considered as equivalent in most cases. However, the French term has a broader meaning than the English term and includes for example connecting devices, plugs and socket-outlets, etc. In English, these latter devices are known as accessories.
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
switchboard
A large single electric control panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted (either on the back or on the face, or both) switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments; not intended for installation in a cabinet but may be completely enclosed in metal; usually is accessible from both the front and rear.
[ McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture & Construction]
switchboard
One or more panels accommodating control switches, indicators, and other apparatus for operating electric circuits
[ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language]FR
ensemble d'appareillage de puissance (ensemble PSC)
ensemble d'appareillage à basse tension utilisé pour répartir et commander l'énergie pour tous les types de charges et prévu pour des applications industrielles, commerciales et analogues dans lesquelles l'exploitation par des personnes ordinaires n'est pas prévue
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
appareillage, m
matériel électrique destiné à être relié à un circuit électrique en vue d'assurer une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes: protection, commande, sectionnement, connexion
NOTE – Les termes français et anglais peuvent être considérés comme équivalents dans la plupart des cas. Toutefois, le terme français couvre un domaine plus étendu que le terme anglais, et comprend notamment les dispositifs de connexion, les prises de courant, etc. En anglais, ces derniers sont dénommés "accessories".
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu'aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEV number 441-11-01]
A switchboard as defined in the National Electrical Code is a large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted, on the face or back or both switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and, usually, instruments.
Switchboards are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not intended to be installed in cabinets.
The types of switchboards, classified by basic features of construction, are as follows:
1. Live-front vertical panels
2. Dead-front boards
3. Safety enclosed boards( metal-clad)
[American electricians’ handbook]
The switchboard plays an essential role in the availability of electric power, while meeting the needs of personal and property safety.
Its definition, design and installation are based on precise rules; there is no place for improvisation.
The IEC 61439 standard aims to better define " low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies", ensuring that the specified performances are reached.
It specifies in particular:
> the responsibilities of each player, distinguishing those of the original equipment manufacturer - the organization that performed the original design and associated verification of an assembly in accordance with the standard, and of the assembly manufacturer - the organization taking responsibility for the finished assembly;
> the design and verification rules, constituting a benchmark for product certification.
All the component parts of the electrical switchboard are concerned by the IEC 61439 standard.
Equipment produced in accordance with the requirements of this switchboard standard ensures the safety and reliability of the installation.
A switchboard must comply with the requirements of standard IEC 61439-1 and 2 to guarantee the safety and reliability of the installation.
Managers of installations, fully aware of the professional and legal liabilities weighing on their company and on themselves, demand a high level of safety for the electrical installation.
What is more, the serious economic consequences of prolonged halts in production mean that the electrical switchboard must provide excellent continuity of service, whatever the operating conditions.
[Schneider Electric]НКУ играет главную роль в обеспечении электроэнергией, удовлетворяя при этом всем требованиям по безопасности людей и сохранности имущества.
Выбор конструкции, проектирование и монтаж основаны на чётких правилах, не допускающих никакой импровизации.
Требования к низковольтным комплектным устройствам распределения и управления сформулированы в стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000).
В частности, он определяет:
> распределение ответственности между изготовителем НКУ - организацией, разработавшей конструкцию НКУ и проверившей его на соответствие требованиям стандарта, и сборщиком – организацией, выполнившей сборку НКУ;
> конструкцию, технические характеристики, виды и методы испытаний НКУ.
В стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000) описываются все компоненты НКУ.
Оборудование, изготовленное в соответствии с требованиями этого стандарта, обеспечивает безопасность и надежность электроустановки.
Для того чтобы гарантировать безопасность эксплуатации и надежность работы электроустановки, распределительный щит должен соответствовать требованиям стандарта МЭК 61439-1 и 2.
Лица, ответственные за электроустановки, должны быть полностью осведомлены о профессиональной и юридической ответственности, возложенной на их компанию и на них лично, за обеспечение высокого уровня безопасности эксплуатации этих электроустановок.
Кроме того, поскольку длительные перерывы производства приводят к серьезным экономическим последствиям, электрический распределительный щит должен обеспечивать надежную и бесперебойную работу независимо от условий эксплуатации.
[Перевод Интент]LV switchgear assemblies are undoubtedly the components of the electric installation more subject to the direct intervention of personnel (operations, maintenance, etc.) and for this reason users demand from them higher and higher safety requirements.
The compliance of an assembly with the state of the art and therefore, presumptively, with the relevant technical Standard, cannot be based only on the fact that the components which constitute it comply with the state of the art and therefore, at least presumptively, with the relevant technical standards.
In other words, the whole assembly must be designed, built and tested in compliance with the state of the art.
Since the assemblies under consideration are low voltage equipment, their rated voltage shall not exceed 1000 Va.c. or 1500 Vd.c. As regards currents, neither upper nor lower limits are provided in the application field of this Standard.
The Standard IEC 60439-1 states the construction, safety and maintenance requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, without dealing with the functional aspects which remain a competence of the designer of the plant for which the assembly is intended.
[ABB]Низковольтные комплектные устройства (НКУ), вне всякого сомнения, являются частями электроустановок, которые наиболее подвержены непосредственному вмешательству оперативного, обслуживающего и т. п. персонала. Вот почему требования потребителей к безопасности НКУ становятся все выше и выше.
Соответствие НКУ современному положению дел и вследствие этого, гипотетически, соответствующим техническим стандартам, не может основываться только на том факте, что составляющие НКУ компоненты соответствуют современному состоянию дел и поэтому, по крайней мере, гипотетически, - соответствующим техническим стандартам
Другими словами, НКУ должно быть разработано, изготовлено и испытано в соответствии с современными требованиями.
Мы рассматриваем низковольтные комплектные устройства и это означает, что их номинальное напряжение не превышает 1000 В переменного тока или 1500 В постоянного тока. Что касается тока, то ни верхнее, ни нижнее значение стандартами, относящимися к данной области, не оговариваются
Стандарт МЭК 60439-1 устанавливает требования к конструкции, безопасности и техническому обслуживанию низковольтных комплектных устройств без учета их функций, полагая, что функции НКУ являются компетенцией проектировщиков электроустановки, частью которых эти НКУ являются.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Классификация
>>>Действия
Синонимы
Сопутствующие термины
EN
- assembly
- electrical switchboard
- low voltage controlgear and assembly
- low voltage switchboard
- low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear assembly
- panel
- power switchgear and controlgear assembly
- PSC-assembly
- switchboard
- switchgear and controlgear
- switchgear/controlgear
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > switchgear and controlgear
-
14 switchboard
- распределительный щит
- распределительное устройство
- НКУ распределения и управления
- коммутационный щит
- коммутаторная панель
- коммутатор
коммутатор
Устройство, обеспечивающее посредством включения, отключения и переключения электрических цепей выбор требуемой выходной цепи и соединение с ней входной цепи
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
- аппарат, изделие, устройство...
EN
DE
FR
коммутаторная панель
распределительный щит
Устройство, конструктивно объединяющее несколько коммутационных элементов, предназначенных для включения, отключения и переключения электрических цепей и каналов связи в ручном режиме.
[Л.М. Невдяев. Телекоммуникационные технологии. Англо-русский толковый словарь-справочник. Под редакцией Ю.М. Горностаева. Москва, 2002]Тематики
- электросвязь, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
коммутационный щит
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления (НКУ)
Низковольтные коммутационные аппараты и устройства управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования, собранные совместно, со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями и конструктивными элементами.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439-1-2012]
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления
Комбинация низковольтных коммутационных аппаратов с устройствами управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования и т. п., полностью смонтированных изготовителем НКУ (под его ответственность на единой конструктивной основе) со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями с соответствующими конструктивными элементами
Примечания
1. В настоящем стандарте сокращение НКУ используют для обозначения низковольтных комплектных устройств распределения и управления.
2. Аппараты, входящие в состав НКУ, могут быть электромеханическими или электронными.
3. По различным причинам, например по условиям транспортирования или изготовления, некоторые операции сборки могут быть выполнены на месте установки, вне предприятия-изготовителя.
[ ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60439-1-92)]EN
power switchgear and controlgear assembly (PSC-assembly)
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly used to distribute and control energy for all types of loads, intended for industrial, commercial and similar applications where operation by ordinary persons is not intended
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signalling, protective, regulation equipment, etc., completely assembled under the responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts.
[IEC 61892-3, ed. 2.0 (2007-11)]
switchgear and controlgear
a general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEV number 441-11-01]
switchgear and controlgear
electric equipment intended to be connected to an electric circuit for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the following functions: protection, control, isolation, switching
NOTE – The French and English terms can be considered as equivalent in most cases. However, the French term has a broader meaning than the English term and includes for example connecting devices, plugs and socket-outlets, etc. In English, these latter devices are known as accessories.
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
switchboard
A large single electric control panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted (either on the back or on the face, or both) switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments; not intended for installation in a cabinet but may be completely enclosed in metal; usually is accessible from both the front and rear.
[ McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture & Construction]
switchboard
One or more panels accommodating control switches, indicators, and other apparatus for operating electric circuits
[ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language]FR
ensemble d'appareillage de puissance (ensemble PSC)
ensemble d'appareillage à basse tension utilisé pour répartir et commander l'énergie pour tous les types de charges et prévu pour des applications industrielles, commerciales et analogues dans lesquelles l'exploitation par des personnes ordinaires n'est pas prévue
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
appareillage, m
matériel électrique destiné à être relié à un circuit électrique en vue d'assurer une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes: protection, commande, sectionnement, connexion
NOTE – Les termes français et anglais peuvent être considérés comme équivalents dans la plupart des cas. Toutefois, le terme français couvre un domaine plus étendu que le terme anglais, et comprend notamment les dispositifs de connexion, les prises de courant, etc. En anglais, ces derniers sont dénommés "accessories".
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu'aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEV number 441-11-01]
A switchboard as defined in the National Electrical Code is a large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted, on the face or back or both switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and, usually, instruments.
Switchboards are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not intended to be installed in cabinets.
The types of switchboards, classified by basic features of construction, are as follows:
1. Live-front vertical panels
2. Dead-front boards
3. Safety enclosed boards( metal-clad)
[American electricians’ handbook]
The switchboard plays an essential role in the availability of electric power, while meeting the needs of personal and property safety.
Its definition, design and installation are based on precise rules; there is no place for improvisation.
The IEC 61439 standard aims to better define " low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies", ensuring that the specified performances are reached.
It specifies in particular:
> the responsibilities of each player, distinguishing those of the original equipment manufacturer - the organization that performed the original design and associated verification of an assembly in accordance with the standard, and of the assembly manufacturer - the organization taking responsibility for the finished assembly;
> the design and verification rules, constituting a benchmark for product certification.
All the component parts of the electrical switchboard are concerned by the IEC 61439 standard.
Equipment produced in accordance with the requirements of this switchboard standard ensures the safety and reliability of the installation.
A switchboard must comply with the requirements of standard IEC 61439-1 and 2 to guarantee the safety and reliability of the installation.
Managers of installations, fully aware of the professional and legal liabilities weighing on their company and on themselves, demand a high level of safety for the electrical installation.
What is more, the serious economic consequences of prolonged halts in production mean that the electrical switchboard must provide excellent continuity of service, whatever the operating conditions.
[Schneider Electric]НКУ играет главную роль в обеспечении электроэнергией, удовлетворяя при этом всем требованиям по безопасности людей и сохранности имущества.
Выбор конструкции, проектирование и монтаж основаны на чётких правилах, не допускающих никакой импровизации.
Требования к низковольтным комплектным устройствам распределения и управления сформулированы в стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000).
В частности, он определяет:
> распределение ответственности между изготовителем НКУ - организацией, разработавшей конструкцию НКУ и проверившей его на соответствие требованиям стандарта, и сборщиком – организацией, выполнившей сборку НКУ;
> конструкцию, технические характеристики, виды и методы испытаний НКУ.
В стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000) описываются все компоненты НКУ.
Оборудование, изготовленное в соответствии с требованиями этого стандарта, обеспечивает безопасность и надежность электроустановки.
Для того чтобы гарантировать безопасность эксплуатации и надежность работы электроустановки, распределительный щит должен соответствовать требованиям стандарта МЭК 61439-1 и 2.
Лица, ответственные за электроустановки, должны быть полностью осведомлены о профессиональной и юридической ответственности, возложенной на их компанию и на них лично, за обеспечение высокого уровня безопасности эксплуатации этих электроустановок.
Кроме того, поскольку длительные перерывы производства приводят к серьезным экономическим последствиям, электрический распределительный щит должен обеспечивать надежную и бесперебойную работу независимо от условий эксплуатации.
[Перевод Интент]LV switchgear assemblies are undoubtedly the components of the electric installation more subject to the direct intervention of personnel (operations, maintenance, etc.) and for this reason users demand from them higher and higher safety requirements.
The compliance of an assembly with the state of the art and therefore, presumptively, with the relevant technical Standard, cannot be based only on the fact that the components which constitute it comply with the state of the art and therefore, at least presumptively, with the relevant technical standards.
In other words, the whole assembly must be designed, built and tested in compliance with the state of the art.
Since the assemblies under consideration are low voltage equipment, their rated voltage shall not exceed 1000 Va.c. or 1500 Vd.c. As regards currents, neither upper nor lower limits are provided in the application field of this Standard.
The Standard IEC 60439-1 states the construction, safety and maintenance requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, without dealing with the functional aspects which remain a competence of the designer of the plant for which the assembly is intended.
[ABB]Низковольтные комплектные устройства (НКУ), вне всякого сомнения, являются частями электроустановок, которые наиболее подвержены непосредственному вмешательству оперативного, обслуживающего и т. п. персонала. Вот почему требования потребителей к безопасности НКУ становятся все выше и выше.
Соответствие НКУ современному положению дел и вследствие этого, гипотетически, соответствующим техническим стандартам, не может основываться только на том факте, что составляющие НКУ компоненты соответствуют современному состоянию дел и поэтому, по крайней мере, гипотетически, - соответствующим техническим стандартам
Другими словами, НКУ должно быть разработано, изготовлено и испытано в соответствии с современными требованиями.
Мы рассматриваем низковольтные комплектные устройства и это означает, что их номинальное напряжение не превышает 1000 В переменного тока или 1500 В постоянного тока. Что касается тока, то ни верхнее, ни нижнее значение стандартами, относящимися к данной области, не оговариваются
Стандарт МЭК 60439-1 устанавливает требования к конструкции, безопасности и техническому обслуживанию низковольтных комплектных устройств без учета их функций, полагая, что функции НКУ являются компетенцией проектировщиков электроустановки, частью которых эти НКУ являются.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Классификация
>>>Действия
Синонимы
Сопутствующие термины
EN
- assembly
- electrical switchboard
- low voltage controlgear and assembly
- low voltage switchboard
- low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear assembly
- panel
- power switchgear and controlgear assembly
- PSC-assembly
- switchboard
- switchgear and controlgear
- switchgear/controlgear
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
распределительное устройство
Распределительным устройством (РУ) называется электроустановка, служащая для приема и распределения электроэнергии и содержащая сборные и соединительные шины, коммутационные аппараты, вспомогательные устройства (компрессорные, аккумуляторные и др.), а также устройства защиты, автоматики и измерительные приборы.
[РД 34.20.185-94]
распределительное устройство
Электроустановка, предназначенная для приема и распределения электрической энергии на одном напряжении и содержащая коммутационные аппараты и соединяющие их сборные шины [секции шин], устройства управления и защиты.
Примечание. К устройствам управления относятся аппараты и связывающие их элементы обеспечивающие контроль, измерение, сигнализацию и выполнение команд.
[ ГОСТ 24291-90]
[ ГОСТ Р 53685-2009]
электрическое распределительное устройство
распределительное устройство
Устройство, предназначенное для приема и распределения электроэнергии на одном напряжении и содержащее коммутационные аппараты и соединяющие их сборные соединительные устройства.
Примечание. В состав распределительного устройства дополнительно могут входить устройства защиты и управления
[ОСТ 45.55-99]
распределительное устройство
Электроустановка, служащая для приема и распределения электроэнергии и содержащая коммутационные аппараты, сборные и соединительные шины, вспомогательные устройства (компрессорные, аккумуляторные и др.), а также устройства защиты, автоматики и измерительные приборы.
[ПОТ Р М-016-2001]
[РД 153-34.0-03.150-00]
устройство распределительное
Совокупность аппаратов и приборов для приёма и распределения электроэнергии одного напряжения, вырабатываемой электростанцией или преобразуемой подстанцией
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]EN
switching substation
a substation which includes switchgear and usually busbars, but no power transformers
[IEV number 605-01-02]FR
poste de sectionnement
poste de coupure
poste comprenant des organes de manoeuvre et généralement des jeux de barres, à l'exclusion de transformateurs de puissance
[IEV number 605-01-02]В качестве РУ 6—10 кВ используется сборка высокого напряжения с однополюсными разъединителями и вертикальным расположением фаз одного присоединения и одна камера КСО с выключателем нагрузки и предохранителями для подключения трансформатора. Для РУ 0,4 кВ применяются сборки низкого напряжения с предохранителями и вертикальным расположением фаз одного присоединения.
На ПС применяются открытые (ОРУ), закрытые (ЗРУ) или комплектные (КРУ) распределительные устройства.
[ http://energy-ua.com/elektricheskie-p/klassifikatsiya.html]
В общем случае ПС и РУ являются составной частью электроустановок, которые различаются:
-
по назначению:
- генерирующие,
- преобразовательно-распределительные,
-
потребительские.
Генерирующие электроустановки служат для выработки электроэнергии, преобразовательно-распределительные электроустановки преобразуют электроэнергию в удобный для передачи и потребления вид, передают ее и распределяют между потребителями;
-
по роду тока:
- постоянного тока,
- переменного тока.
-
по напряжению:
- до 1000 В,
- выше 1000 В.
Шкала номинальных напряжений ограничена сравнительно небольшим числом стандартных значений, благодаря чему изготавливается небольшое число типоразмеров машин и оборудования, а электросети выполняются более экономичными. В установках трехфазного тока номинальным напряжением принято считать напряжение между фазами (междуфазовое напряжение). Согласно ГОСТ 29322—92 установлена следующая шкала номинальных напряжений:
для электросетей переменного тока частотой 50 Гц междуфазовое напряжение должно быть: 12, 24, 36, 42, 127, 220, 380 В; 3, 6, 10, 20, 35, 110, 150, 220, 330, 500, 750 и 1150 кВ;
для электросетей постоянного тока: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 110, 220, 440, 660, 825, 3000 В и выше.-
по способу присоединения к электросети ПС разделяются на:
- тупиковые (блочные),
- ответвительные (блочные),
- проходные (транзитные)
- узловые.
Тупиковые ПС получают питание по одной или двум тупиковым ВЛ.
Ответвительные ПС присоединяются ответвлением к одной или двум проходящим ВЛ с односторонним или двухсторонним питанием.
Проходные ПС включаются в рассечку одной или двух проходящих ВЛ с односторонним или двухсторонним питанием.
Узловые ПС кроме питающих имеют отходящие радиальные или транзитные ВЛ.-
по способу управления ПС могут быть:
- только с телесигнализацией,
- телеуправляемыми с телесигнализацией,
- с телесигнализацией и управлением с общеподстанционного пункта управления (ОПУ).
Подстанции оперативно обслуживаются постоянным дежурным персоналом на щите управления, дежурными на дому или оперативно-выездными бригадами (ОВБ). Ремонт ПС осуществляется специализированными выездными бригадами централизованного ремонта или местным персоналом подстанции.
В РУ напряжением до 1000 В провода, шины, аппараты, приборы и конструкции выбирают как по нормальным условиям работы (напряжению и току), так и по термическим и динамическим воздействиям токов коротких замыканий (КЗ) или предельно допустимой отключаемой мощности.
В РУ и ПС напряжением выше 1000 В расстояния между электрооборудованием, аппаратами, токоведущими частями, изоляторами, ограждениями и конструкциями устанавливаются так, чтобы при нормальном режиме работы электроустановки возникающие физические явления (температура нагрева, электрическая дуга, выброс газов, искрение и др.) не могли привести к повреждению оборудования и КЗ.[ http://energy-ua.com/elektricheskie-p/klassifikatsiya.html]
Several different classifications of switchgear can be made:- By the current rating.
-
By interrupting rating (maximum short circuit current that the device can safely interrupt)
- Circuit breakers can open and close on fault currents
- Load-break/Load-make switches can switch normal system load currents
- Isolators may only be operated while the circuit is dead, or the load current is very small.
-
By voltage class:
- Low voltage (less than 1,000 volts AC)
- Medium voltage (1,000–35,000 volts AC)
- High voltage (more than 35,000 volts AC)
-
By insulating medium:
-
By construction type:
- Indoor (further classified by IP (Ingress Protection) class or NEMA enclosure type)
- Outdoor
- Industrial
- Utility
- Marine
- Draw-out elements (removable without many tools)
- Fixed elements (bolted fasteners)
- Live-front
- Dead-front
- Open
- Metal-enclosed
- Metal-clad
- Metal enclosed & Metal clad
- Arc-resistant
-
By IEC degree of internal separation
- No Separation (Form 1)
- Busbars separated from functional units (Form 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b)
- Terminals for external conductors separated from busbars (Form 2b, 3b, 4a, 4b)
- Terminals for external conductors separated from functional units but not from each other (Form 3a, 3b)
- Functional units separated from each other (Form 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b)
- Terminals for external conductors separated from each other (Form 4a, 4b)
- Terminals for external conductors separate from their associated functional unit (Form 4b)
-
By interrupting device:
-
By operating method:
- Manually operated
- Motor/stored energy operated
- Solenoid operated
-
By type of current:
-
By application:
-
By purpose
- Isolating switches (disconnectors)
- Load-break switches.
- Grounding (earthing) switches
A single line-up may incorporate several different types of devices, for example, air-insulated bus, vacuum circuit breakers, and manually operated switches may all exist in the same row of cubicles.
Ratings, design, specifications and details of switchgear are set by a multitude of standards. In North America mostly IEEE and ANSI standards are used, much of the rest of the world uses IEC standards, sometimes with local national derivatives or variations.
[Robert W. Smeaton (ed) Switchgear and Control Handbook 3rd Ed., Mc Graw Hill, new York 1997]
[ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_voltage_switchgear]Тематики
- электрификация, электроснабж. железных дорог
- электроагрегаты генераторные
- электробезопасность
- электроснабжение в целом
Синонимы
EN
- distribution
- energy distribution board
- gear
- switch-gear
- switchboard
- switchgear
- switching substation
- switchyard
DE
FR
распределительный щит
Комплектное устройство, содержащее различную коммутационную аппаратуру, соединенное с одной или более отходящими электрическими цепями, питающееся от одной или более входящих цепей, вместе с зажимами для присоединения нейтральных и защитных проводников.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
щит распределительный
Электротехническое устройство, объединяющее коммутационную, регулирующую и защитную аппаратуру, а также контрольно-измерительные и сигнальные приборы
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]
распределительный щит
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]EN
distribution board
assembly containing different types of switchgear and controlgear associated with one or more outgoing electric circuits fed from one or more incoming electric circuits, together with terminals for the neutral and protective conductors.
[IEV number 826-16-08]FR
tableau de répartition, m
ensemble comportant différents types d'appareillage associés à un ou plusieurs circuits électriques de départ alimentés par un ou plusieurs circuits électriques d'arrivée, ainsi que des bornes pour les conducteurs neutre et de protection.
[IEV number 826-16-08]Distribution switchboards, including the Main LV Switchboard (MLVS), are critical to the dependability of an electrical installation. They must comply with well-defined standards governing the design and construction of LV switchgear assemblies
A distribution switchboard is the point at which an incoming-power supply divides into separate circuits, each of which is controlled and protected by the fuses or switchgear of the switchboard. A distribution switchboard is divided into a number of functional units, each comprising all the electrical and mechanical elements that contribute to the fulfilment of a given function. It represents a key link in the dependability chain.
Consequently, the type of distribution switchboard must be perfectly adapted to its application. Its design and construction must comply with applicable standards and working practises.
[Schneider Electric]Распределительные щиты, включая главный распределительный щит низкого напряжения (ГРЩ), играют решающую роль в обеспечении надежности электроустановки. Они должны отвечать требованиям соответствующих стандартов, определяющих конструкцию и порядок изготовления НКУ распределения электроэнергии.
В распределительном щите выполняется прием электроэнергии и ее распределение по отдельным цепям, каждая из которых контролируется и защищается плавкими предохранителями или автоматическими выключателями.
Распределительный щит состоит из функциональных блоков, включающих в себя все электрические и механические элементы, необходимые для выполнения требуемой функции. Распределительный щит представляет собой ключевое звено в цепи обеспечения надежности.
Тип распределительного щита должен соответствовать области применения. Конструкция и изготовление распределительного щита должны удовлетворять требованиям применимых стандартов и учитывать накопленную практику применения.
[Перевод Интент]
Рис. Schneider Electric
With Prisma Plus G you can be sure to build 100% Schneider Electric switchboards that are safe, optimised:
> All components (switchgear, distribution blocks, prefabricated connections, etc.) are perfectly rated and coordinated to work together;
> All switchboard configurations, even the most demanding ones, have been tested.
You can prove that your switchboard meets the current standards, at any time.
You can be sure to build a reliable electrical installation and give your customers full satisfaction in terms of dependability and safety for people and the installation.
Prisma Plus G with its discreet design, blends harmoniously into all tertiary and industrial buildings, including in entrance halls and passageways.
With Prisma Plus G you can build just the right switchboard for your customer, sized precisely to fit costs and needs.
With this complete, prefabricated and tested system, it's easy to upgrade your installation and still maintain the performance levels.
> The wall-mounted and floor-standing enclosures combine easily with switchboards already in service.
> Devices can be replaced or added at any time.
[Schneider Electric]С помощью оболочек Prisma Plus G можно создавать безопасные распределительные щиты, на 100 % состоящие из изделий Schneider Electric:
> все изделия (коммутационная аппаратура, распределительные блоки, готовые заводские соединения и т. д.) полностью совместимы механически и электрически;
> все варианты компоновки распределительных щитов, в том числе для наиболее ответственных применений, прошли испытания.В любое время вы можете доказать, что ваши распределительные щиты полностью соответствуют требованиям действующих стандартов.
Вы можете быть полностью уверены в том, что создаете надежные электроустановки, удовлетворяющие всем требованиям безопасности для людей и оборудования
Благодаря строгому дизайну, распределительные щиты Prisma Plus G гармонично сочетаются с интерьером любого общественного или промышленного здания. Они хорошо смотрятся и в вестибюле, и в коридоре.
Применяя оболочки Prisma Plus G можно создавать распределительные щиты, точно соответствующие требованиям заказчика как с точки зрения технических характеристик, так и стоимости.
С помощью данной испытанной системы, содержащей все необходимые компоненты заводского изготовления можно легко модернизировать существующую электроустановку и поддерживать её уровни производительности.> Навесные и напольные оболочки можно легко присоединить к уже эксплуатируемым распределительным щитам.
> Аппаратуру можно заменять или добавлять в любое время.
[Перевод Интент]The switchboard, central to the electrical installation.
Both the point of arrival of energy and a device for distribution to the site applications, the LV switchboard is the intelligence of the system, central to the electrical installation.
[Schneider Electric]Распределительный щит – «сердце» электроустановки.
Низковольтное комплектное устройство распределения является «сердцем» электроустановки, поскольку именно оно принимает электроэнергию из сети и распределяет её по территориально распределенным нагрузкам.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
- электроснабжение в целом
EN
- branch distribution panel
- distributing board
- distributing panel
- distributing switchboard
- distribution bench
- distribution board
- distribution panel
- distribution switchboard
- gear
- keyboard
- PNL
- SB
- sw & d
- switchboard
- switchboard panel
DE
- elektrischer Verteiler, m
- Schalttafel
- Verteiler, m
FR
- tableau de distribution
- tableau de répartition, m
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > switchboard
-
15 appareillage
аппаратура распределения и управления
Общий термин для коммутационных аппаратов и их комбинации с относящимися к ним устройствами управления, измерения, защиты и регулирования, а также для узлов, в которых такие аппараты и устройства соединяются с соответствующими фидерами, комплектующим оборудованием, оболочками и опорными конструкциями.
МЭК 60050 (441-11-01) [1].
[ ГОСТ Р 50030. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60947-1-99)]EN
switchgear and controlgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEC 62271-1, ed. 1.0 (2007-10)]FR
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu’aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEC 62271-1, ed. 1.0 (2007-10)]Тематики
- аппарат, изделие, устройство...
EN
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления (НКУ)
Низковольтные коммутационные аппараты и устройства управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования, собранные совместно, со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями и конструктивными элементами.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439-1-2012]
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления
Комбинация низковольтных коммутационных аппаратов с устройствами управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования и т. п., полностью смонтированных изготовителем НКУ (под его ответственность на единой конструктивной основе) со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями с соответствующими конструктивными элементами
Примечания
1. В настоящем стандарте сокращение НКУ используют для обозначения низковольтных комплектных устройств распределения и управления.
2. Аппараты, входящие в состав НКУ, могут быть электромеханическими или электронными.
3. По различным причинам, например по условиям транспортирования или изготовления, некоторые операции сборки могут быть выполнены на месте установки, вне предприятия-изготовителя.
[ ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60439-1-92)]EN
power switchgear and controlgear assembly (PSC-assembly)
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly used to distribute and control energy for all types of loads, intended for industrial, commercial and similar applications where operation by ordinary persons is not intended
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signalling, protective, regulation equipment, etc., completely assembled under the responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts.
[IEC 61892-3, ed. 2.0 (2007-11)]
switchgear and controlgear
a general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEV number 441-11-01]
switchgear and controlgear
electric equipment intended to be connected to an electric circuit for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the following functions: protection, control, isolation, switching
NOTE – The French and English terms can be considered as equivalent in most cases. However, the French term has a broader meaning than the English term and includes for example connecting devices, plugs and socket-outlets, etc. In English, these latter devices are known as accessories.
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
switchboard
A large single electric control panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted (either on the back or on the face, or both) switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments; not intended for installation in a cabinet but may be completely enclosed in metal; usually is accessible from both the front and rear.
[ McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture & Construction]
switchboard
One or more panels accommodating control switches, indicators, and other apparatus for operating electric circuits
[ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language]FR
ensemble d'appareillage de puissance (ensemble PSC)
ensemble d'appareillage à basse tension utilisé pour répartir et commander l'énergie pour tous les types de charges et prévu pour des applications industrielles, commerciales et analogues dans lesquelles l'exploitation par des personnes ordinaires n'est pas prévue
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
appareillage, m
matériel électrique destiné à être relié à un circuit électrique en vue d'assurer une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes: protection, commande, sectionnement, connexion
NOTE – Les termes français et anglais peuvent être considérés comme équivalents dans la plupart des cas. Toutefois, le terme français couvre un domaine plus étendu que le terme anglais, et comprend notamment les dispositifs de connexion, les prises de courant, etc. En anglais, ces derniers sont dénommés "accessories".
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu'aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEV number 441-11-01]
A switchboard as defined in the National Electrical Code is a large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted, on the face or back or both switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and, usually, instruments.
Switchboards are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not intended to be installed in cabinets.
The types of switchboards, classified by basic features of construction, are as follows:
1. Live-front vertical panels
2. Dead-front boards
3. Safety enclosed boards( metal-clad)
[American electricians’ handbook]
The switchboard plays an essential role in the availability of electric power, while meeting the needs of personal and property safety.
Its definition, design and installation are based on precise rules; there is no place for improvisation.
The IEC 61439 standard aims to better define " low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies", ensuring that the specified performances are reached.
It specifies in particular:
> the responsibilities of each player, distinguishing those of the original equipment manufacturer - the organization that performed the original design and associated verification of an assembly in accordance with the standard, and of the assembly manufacturer - the organization taking responsibility for the finished assembly;
> the design and verification rules, constituting a benchmark for product certification.
All the component parts of the electrical switchboard are concerned by the IEC 61439 standard.
Equipment produced in accordance with the requirements of this switchboard standard ensures the safety and reliability of the installation.
A switchboard must comply with the requirements of standard IEC 61439-1 and 2 to guarantee the safety and reliability of the installation.
Managers of installations, fully aware of the professional and legal liabilities weighing on their company and on themselves, demand a high level of safety for the electrical installation.
What is more, the serious economic consequences of prolonged halts in production mean that the electrical switchboard must provide excellent continuity of service, whatever the operating conditions.
[Schneider Electric]НКУ играет главную роль в обеспечении электроэнергией, удовлетворяя при этом всем требованиям по безопасности людей и сохранности имущества.
Выбор конструкции, проектирование и монтаж основаны на чётких правилах, не допускающих никакой импровизации.
Требования к низковольтным комплектным устройствам распределения и управления сформулированы в стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000).
В частности, он определяет:
> распределение ответственности между изготовителем НКУ - организацией, разработавшей конструкцию НКУ и проверившей его на соответствие требованиям стандарта, и сборщиком – организацией, выполнившей сборку НКУ;
> конструкцию, технические характеристики, виды и методы испытаний НКУ.
В стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000) описываются все компоненты НКУ.
Оборудование, изготовленное в соответствии с требованиями этого стандарта, обеспечивает безопасность и надежность электроустановки.
Для того чтобы гарантировать безопасность эксплуатации и надежность работы электроустановки, распределительный щит должен соответствовать требованиям стандарта МЭК 61439-1 и 2.
Лица, ответственные за электроустановки, должны быть полностью осведомлены о профессиональной и юридической ответственности, возложенной на их компанию и на них лично, за обеспечение высокого уровня безопасности эксплуатации этих электроустановок.
Кроме того, поскольку длительные перерывы производства приводят к серьезным экономическим последствиям, электрический распределительный щит должен обеспечивать надежную и бесперебойную работу независимо от условий эксплуатации.
[Перевод Интент]LV switchgear assemblies are undoubtedly the components of the electric installation more subject to the direct intervention of personnel (operations, maintenance, etc.) and for this reason users demand from them higher and higher safety requirements.
The compliance of an assembly with the state of the art and therefore, presumptively, with the relevant technical Standard, cannot be based only on the fact that the components which constitute it comply with the state of the art and therefore, at least presumptively, with the relevant technical standards.
In other words, the whole assembly must be designed, built and tested in compliance with the state of the art.
Since the assemblies under consideration are low voltage equipment, their rated voltage shall not exceed 1000 Va.c. or 1500 Vd.c. As regards currents, neither upper nor lower limits are provided in the application field of this Standard.
The Standard IEC 60439-1 states the construction, safety and maintenance requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, without dealing with the functional aspects which remain a competence of the designer of the plant for which the assembly is intended.
[ABB]Низковольтные комплектные устройства (НКУ), вне всякого сомнения, являются частями электроустановок, которые наиболее подвержены непосредственному вмешательству оперативного, обслуживающего и т. п. персонала. Вот почему требования потребителей к безопасности НКУ становятся все выше и выше.
Соответствие НКУ современному положению дел и вследствие этого, гипотетически, соответствующим техническим стандартам, не может основываться только на том факте, что составляющие НКУ компоненты соответствуют современному состоянию дел и поэтому, по крайней мере, гипотетически, - соответствующим техническим стандартам
Другими словами, НКУ должно быть разработано, изготовлено и испытано в соответствии с современными требованиями.
Мы рассматриваем низковольтные комплектные устройства и это означает, что их номинальное напряжение не превышает 1000 В переменного тока или 1500 В постоянного тока. Что касается тока, то ни верхнее, ни нижнее значение стандартами, относящимися к данной области, не оговариваются
Стандарт МЭК 60439-1 устанавливает требования к конструкции, безопасности и техническому обслуживанию низковольтных комплектных устройств без учета их функций, полагая, что функции НКУ являются компетенцией проектировщиков электроустановки, частью которых эти НКУ являются.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Классификация
>>>Действия
Синонимы
Сопутствующие термины
EN
- assembly
- electrical switchboard
- low voltage controlgear and assembly
- low voltage switchboard
- low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear assembly
- panel
- power switchgear and controlgear assembly
- PSC-assembly
- switchboard
- switchgear and controlgear
- switchgear/controlgear
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
СП
D. Werkstückaufnahmevorrichtung
E. Machine retaining device
F. Appareillage
Приспособление, применяемое на металлорежущем и (или) деревообрабатывающем станке
Источник: ГОСТ 31.010.01-84: Приспособления станочные. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > appareillage
-
16 Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
аппаратура распределения и управления
Общий термин для коммутационных аппаратов и их комбинации с относящимися к ним устройствами управления, измерения, защиты и регулирования, а также для узлов, в которых такие аппараты и устройства соединяются с соответствующими фидерами, комплектующим оборудованием, оболочками и опорными конструкциями.
МЭК 60050 (441-11-01) [1].
[ ГОСТ Р 50030. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60947-1-99)]EN
switchgear and controlgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEC 62271-1, ed. 1.0 (2007-10)]FR
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu’aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEC 62271-1, ed. 1.0 (2007-10)]Тематики
- аппарат, изделие, устройство...
EN
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления (НКУ)
Низковольтные коммутационные аппараты и устройства управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования, собранные совместно, со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями и конструктивными элементами.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439-1-2012]
низковольтное устройство распределения и управления
Комбинация низковольтных коммутационных аппаратов с устройствами управления, измерения, сигнализации, защиты, регулирования и т. п., полностью смонтированных изготовителем НКУ (под его ответственность на единой конструктивной основе) со всеми внутренними электрическими и механическими соединениями с соответствующими конструктивными элементами
Примечания
1. В настоящем стандарте сокращение НКУ используют для обозначения низковольтных комплектных устройств распределения и управления.
2. Аппараты, входящие в состав НКУ, могут быть электромеханическими или электронными.
3. По различным причинам, например по условиям транспортирования или изготовления, некоторые операции сборки могут быть выполнены на месте установки, вне предприятия-изготовителя.
[ ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60439-1-92)]EN
power switchgear and controlgear assembly (PSC-assembly)
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly used to distribute and control energy for all types of loads, intended for industrial, commercial and similar applications where operation by ordinary persons is not intended
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signalling, protective, regulation equipment, etc., completely assembled under the responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts.
[IEC 61892-3, ed. 2.0 (2007-11)]
switchgear and controlgear
a general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[IEV number 441-11-01]
switchgear and controlgear
electric equipment intended to be connected to an electric circuit for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the following functions: protection, control, isolation, switching
NOTE – The French and English terms can be considered as equivalent in most cases. However, the French term has a broader meaning than the English term and includes for example connecting devices, plugs and socket-outlets, etc. In English, these latter devices are known as accessories.
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
switchboard
A large single electric control panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted (either on the back or on the face, or both) switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments; not intended for installation in a cabinet but may be completely enclosed in metal; usually is accessible from both the front and rear.
[ McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture & Construction]
switchboard
One or more panels accommodating control switches, indicators, and other apparatus for operating electric circuits
[ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language]FR
ensemble d'appareillage de puissance (ensemble PSC)
ensemble d'appareillage à basse tension utilisé pour répartir et commander l'énergie pour tous les types de charges et prévu pour des applications industrielles, commerciales et analogues dans lesquelles l'exploitation par des personnes ordinaires n'est pas prévue
[IEC 61439-2, ed. 1.0 (2009-01)]
appareillage, m
matériel électrique destiné à être relié à un circuit électrique en vue d'assurer une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes: protection, commande, sectionnement, connexion
NOTE – Les termes français et anglais peuvent être considérés comme équivalents dans la plupart des cas. Toutefois, le terme français couvre un domaine plus étendu que le terme anglais, et comprend notamment les dispositifs de connexion, les prises de courant, etc. En anglais, ces derniers sont dénommés "accessories".
[IEV number 826-16-03 ]
appareillage
terme général applicable aux appareils de connexion et à leur combinaison avec des appareils de commande, de mesure, de protection et de réglage qui leur sont associés, ainsi qu'aux ensembles de tels appareils avec les connexions, les accessoires, les enveloppes et les charpentes correspondantes
[IEV number 441-11-01]
A switchboard as defined in the National Electrical Code is a large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted, on the face or back or both switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and, usually, instruments.
Switchboards are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not intended to be installed in cabinets.
The types of switchboards, classified by basic features of construction, are as follows:
1. Live-front vertical panels
2. Dead-front boards
3. Safety enclosed boards( metal-clad)
[American electricians’ handbook]
The switchboard plays an essential role in the availability of electric power, while meeting the needs of personal and property safety.
Its definition, design and installation are based on precise rules; there is no place for improvisation.
The IEC 61439 standard aims to better define " low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies", ensuring that the specified performances are reached.
It specifies in particular:
> the responsibilities of each player, distinguishing those of the original equipment manufacturer - the organization that performed the original design and associated verification of an assembly in accordance with the standard, and of the assembly manufacturer - the organization taking responsibility for the finished assembly;
> the design and verification rules, constituting a benchmark for product certification.
All the component parts of the electrical switchboard are concerned by the IEC 61439 standard.
Equipment produced in accordance with the requirements of this switchboard standard ensures the safety and reliability of the installation.
A switchboard must comply with the requirements of standard IEC 61439-1 and 2 to guarantee the safety and reliability of the installation.
Managers of installations, fully aware of the professional and legal liabilities weighing on their company and on themselves, demand a high level of safety for the electrical installation.
What is more, the serious economic consequences of prolonged halts in production mean that the electrical switchboard must provide excellent continuity of service, whatever the operating conditions.
[Schneider Electric]НКУ играет главную роль в обеспечении электроэнергией, удовлетворяя при этом всем требованиям по безопасности людей и сохранности имущества.
Выбор конструкции, проектирование и монтаж основаны на чётких правилах, не допускающих никакой импровизации.
Требования к низковольтным комплектным устройствам распределения и управления сформулированы в стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000).
В частности, он определяет:
> распределение ответственности между изготовителем НКУ - организацией, разработавшей конструкцию НКУ и проверившей его на соответствие требованиям стандарта, и сборщиком – организацией, выполнившей сборку НКУ;
> конструкцию, технические характеристики, виды и методы испытаний НКУ.
В стандарте МЭК 61439 (ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000) описываются все компоненты НКУ.
Оборудование, изготовленное в соответствии с требованиями этого стандарта, обеспечивает безопасность и надежность электроустановки.
Для того чтобы гарантировать безопасность эксплуатации и надежность работы электроустановки, распределительный щит должен соответствовать требованиям стандарта МЭК 61439-1 и 2.
Лица, ответственные за электроустановки, должны быть полностью осведомлены о профессиональной и юридической ответственности, возложенной на их компанию и на них лично, за обеспечение высокого уровня безопасности эксплуатации этих электроустановок.
Кроме того, поскольку длительные перерывы производства приводят к серьезным экономическим последствиям, электрический распределительный щит должен обеспечивать надежную и бесперебойную работу независимо от условий эксплуатации.
[Перевод Интент]LV switchgear assemblies are undoubtedly the components of the electric installation more subject to the direct intervention of personnel (operations, maintenance, etc.) and for this reason users demand from them higher and higher safety requirements.
The compliance of an assembly with the state of the art and therefore, presumptively, with the relevant technical Standard, cannot be based only on the fact that the components which constitute it comply with the state of the art and therefore, at least presumptively, with the relevant technical standards.
In other words, the whole assembly must be designed, built and tested in compliance with the state of the art.
Since the assemblies under consideration are low voltage equipment, their rated voltage shall not exceed 1000 Va.c. or 1500 Vd.c. As regards currents, neither upper nor lower limits are provided in the application field of this Standard.
The Standard IEC 60439-1 states the construction, safety and maintenance requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, without dealing with the functional aspects which remain a competence of the designer of the plant for which the assembly is intended.
[ABB]Низковольтные комплектные устройства (НКУ), вне всякого сомнения, являются частями электроустановок, которые наиболее подвержены непосредственному вмешательству оперативного, обслуживающего и т. п. персонала. Вот почему требования потребителей к безопасности НКУ становятся все выше и выше.
Соответствие НКУ современному положению дел и вследствие этого, гипотетически, соответствующим техническим стандартам, не может основываться только на том факте, что составляющие НКУ компоненты соответствуют современному состоянию дел и поэтому, по крайней мере, гипотетически, - соответствующим техническим стандартам
Другими словами, НКУ должно быть разработано, изготовлено и испытано в соответствии с современными требованиями.
Мы рассматриваем низковольтные комплектные устройства и это означает, что их номинальное напряжение не превышает 1000 В переменного тока или 1500 В постоянного тока. Что касается тока, то ни верхнее, ни нижнее значение стандартами, относящимися к данной области, не оговариваются
Стандарт МЭК 60439-1 устанавливает требования к конструкции, безопасности и техническому обслуживанию низковольтных комплектных устройств без учета их функций, полагая, что функции НКУ являются компетенцией проектировщиков электроустановки, частью которых эти НКУ являются.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Классификация
>>>Действия
Синонимы
Сопутствующие термины
EN
- assembly
- electrical switchboard
- low voltage controlgear and assembly
- low voltage switchboard
- low voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear and controlgear assembly
- LV switchgear assembly
- panel
- power switchgear and controlgear assembly
- PSC-assembly
- switchboard
- switchgear and controlgear
- switchgear/controlgear
DE
- Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Schaltanlagen und/oder Schaltgeräte
-
17 centro
m.1 center.centro de atracción center of attractioncentro de gravedad center of gravitycentro de interés center of interestcentro de mesa centerpiececentro nervioso nerve centercentro óptico optic center2 center (establecimiento).centro de cálculo computer centercentro cívico community centercentro docente o de enseñanza educational institutioncentro recreativo leisure center3 city/town center.me voy al centro I'm going to towncentro ciudad o urbano city/town center (en letrero)4 center of the city, downtown, city centre.5 Centro.6 centrum.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: centrar.* * *1 centre (US center), middle2 (de ciudad) town centre, city centre, US downtown area■ me voy al centro I'm going into town, US I'm going downtown3 (asociación) centre (US center), association, institution4 DEPORTE cross, centre (US center)5 PLÍTICA centre (US center)\centro benéfico charitable organizationcentro ciudad city centre, US downtown areacentro comercial shopping centre, US mallcentro cultural cultural centre (US center)centro de atracción centre (US center) of attractioncentro de enseñanza educational institutioncentro de gravedad centre of gravitycentro de interés centre (US center) of interestcentro de mesa centrepiece (US centerpiece)centro docente educational institutioncentro sanitario hospital, clinicmedio centro DEPORTE centre (US center) halfpartido de centro PLÍTICA centre (US center) party* * *noun m.1) center2) downtown* * *1. SM1) (=medio) centre, center (EEUU)las regiones del centro del país — the central areas of the country, the areas in the centre of the country
pon el jarrón en el centro de la mesa — put the vase in the middle o centre of the table
2) [de ciudad] centre, center (EEUU)no se puede aparcar en el centro — you can't park in the centre (of town), you can't park downtown (EEUU)
un edificio del centro de Madrid — a building in the centre of Madrid o in Madrid town centre o (EEUU) in downtown Madrid
centro ciudad — city centre, town centre
•
ir al centro — to go into town, go downtown (EEUU)3) (Pol) centre, center (EEUU)ser de centro — [persona] to be a moderate; [partido] to be in the centre
los partidos de centro izquierda — the parties of the centre left, the centre-left parties
4) (=foco) [de huracán] centre, center (EEUU); [de incendio] seatha sido el centro de varias polémicas últimamente — he has been at the centre o heart of various controversies lately
el gobierno se ha convertido en el centro de las críticas — the government has become the target of criticism
Zaire fue el centro del interés internacional — Zaire was the focus of o was at the centre of international attention
•
ser el centro de las miradas, Roma es estos días el centro de todas las miradas — all eyes are on Rome at the moment5) (=establecimiento) centre, center (EEUU)dos alumnos han sido expulsados del centro — two students have been expelled from the school o centre
centro comercial — shopping centre, shopping mall
centro cultural — [en un barrio, institución] (local) arts centre; [de otro país] cultural centre
centro de abasto — Méx market
centro de acogida, centro de acogida de menores — children's home
centro de coordinación — [de la policía] operations room
centro (de determinación) de costos — (Com) cost centre
centro de enseñanza — [gen] educational institution; (=colegio) school
centro de enseñanza media, centro de enseñanza secundaria — secondary school
centro de jardinería — garden centre, garden center (EEUU)
centro de rastreo — (Astron) tracking centre
centro médico — [gen] medical establishment; (=hospital) hospital
centro penitenciario — prison, penitentiary (EEUU)
centro recreacional — Cuba, Ven sports centre, leisure centre
centro sanitario — = centro médico
centro universitario — (=facultad) faculty; (=universidad) university
6) (=población)centro turístico — (=lugar muy visitado) tourist centre; [diseñado para turistas] tourist resort
centro urbano — urban area, city
7) (=ropa) CAm (=juego) trousers and waistcoat, pants and vest (EEUU); And, Caribe (=enaguas) underskirt; And (=falda) thick flannel skirt2.SMF (Ftbl) centre•
delantero centro — centre-forward•
medio centro — centre-half* * *I1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•II1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•* * *= centre [center, -USA], core, hub, office, locus [loci, -pl.], focal point, operation, centrepoint [centerpoint, -USA], pivot.Ex. Over 3,000 such centres were set up, but most had closed by 1949.Ex. The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.Ex. And since the main entry is the hub and most exacting aspect of our cataloging process, its replacement by a title-unit entry would greatly simplify the problem and expedite the operation of cataloging.Ex. The principal sprang up from her chair and began to perambulate with swift, precise movements about her spacious office.Ex. The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.Ex. The library needs to be developed as the focal point of the community, a place where the public can drop in for all kinds of activities, not necessarily book-related or 'cultural'.Ex. When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.Ex. In our capacity as centerpoints for local activities, we may be equipped with card production equipment for producing catalog cards through the state division of OCLC.Ex. The use of decimal notation is seen as the pivot of Dewey's scheme and notational systems are analysed generally and compared with Dewey's.----* barrios pobres del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* biblioteca de centro penitenciario = prison library.* centro accesible mediante Telnet = Telnet-accesible site.* centro administrativo = administrative centre.* centro artístico = art(s) centre.* Centro Bibliotecario en Línea (OCLC) = OCLC (Online Computer Library Center).* centro cívico = civic centre.* centro comercial = shopping centre, shopping precinct, mall of shops, shopping mall, mall, outlet mall, plaza.* centro comunitario = village hall.* centro coordinador = focal point, switching point, coordinating centre, hub.* centro coordinador de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro cultural = cultural centre, cultural institution, cultural venue.* centro de acogida = runaway shelter, refuge, shelter, homeless shelter, shelter home.* centro de acogida de animales = animal shelter.* centro de acogida de mujeres = women's shelter.* centro de actividad = focal point.* centro de adquisiciones = acquisition centre.* centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.* centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.* centro de asesoramiento = counselling centre.* centro de asistencia social = welfare facility.* centro de atención = centre of attention, limelight, centrepiece [centerpiece, -USA], centre stage, focus of concern, focus of interest, focus of attention, focus.* centro de atención al ciudadano = advice centre.* centro de audio = audio centre.* centro de ayuda al empleo = job-help centre.* centro de barrio = neighbourhood centre.* centro de belleza = beauty centre.* centro de cálculo = computer centre, computing centre, central computing facility.* centro de catalogación = cataloguing department.* centro de computación = computing centre.* centro de comunicaciones = communications hub.* centro de congresos = conference centre, convention centre.* centro de control = locus of control, mission control.* centro de coordinación = re-routing centre.* centro de datos = data centre.* centro de deportes = sports centre.* centro de detención = detention centre.* centro de día = day care centre, day centre.* centro de día para mayores = day centre for the elderly.* centro de distribución = distribution centre.* Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).* centro de documentación = clearinghouse [clearing house], documentation centre, information centre, information unit, research centre.* centro de educación de adultos = adult learning centre, adult learner centre.* centro de educación infantil = early education centre.* centro de educación sanitaria = consumer health centre, consumer health information centre.* centro de, el = centre of, the.* centro de enseñanza = education centre.* centro de esquí artificial = dry ski centre.* centro de estudios = study centre.* Centro de Europa = Mitteleurope.* centro de gravedad = centre of gravity.* centro de información = information agency, information centre.* Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).* centro de información ciudadana = community information centre, neighbourhood information centre (NIC).* centro de información laboral = job information centre.* centro de información sectorial = sectoral information centre.* Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.* centro de investigación = research centre, research unit.* centro de jardinería = garden centre.* centro de la ciudad = central city, downtown, city centre.* centro de las ciencias = science centre.* centro del campo = halfway line.* centro de Londres = Inner London.* centro del pueblo = town centre.* centro del visitante = visitor's centre.* centro de material didáctico escolar = school resource centre.* centro de menores = young offender institution.* centro de mesa = epergne.* centro de ocio = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro de orientación = referral centre.* centro de planificación familiar = family planning clinic, planned parenthood centre.* centro deportivo = sports centre.* centro de proceso de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro de recepción de ovejas = sheep station.* centro de recepción y envío = shipping point.* centro de reciclado = recycling centre.* centro de recursos = resource centre.* centro de recursos multimedia = media resource centre.* centro de recursos para el aprendizaje (CRA) = learning hub, learning resource centre (LRC).* centro de referencia = reference centre.* centro de rehabilitación = rehabilitation clinic, rehabilitation centre.* centro de reinserción social = half-way house.* centro de salud = health centre.* centro de trabajo = workplace.* centro de vacaciones = resort, tourist resort.* centro de vacaciones costero = coastal resort, seaside resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro de veraneo = summer resort.* centro de veraneo costero = seaside resort, coastal resort.* centro educativo = educational centre.* centro electoral = polling district.* centro financiero = financial centre.* centro industrial = manufacturing centre.* centro informático = computing centre.* Centro Internacional para la Descripción Bibliográfica del UNISIST = UNIBID.* centro litúrgico = church centre.* centro multimedia = library media centre, media centre.* centro multimedia escolar = school media centre, school library media centre.* centro municipal de información = local authority information outlet.* Centro Nacional de Préstamos = National Lending Centre.* centro neurálgico = powerhouse, power engine.* centro neurálgico, el = nerve centre, the.* centro penitenciario = penitentiary.* centro piloto = pilot centre.* centro recreativo = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro regional = regional centre.* centro religioso = church centre.* centro social = community centre, village hall, social centre, drop-in centre, community hall.* centro social para veteranos de guerra = Veterans' centre.* centro turístico = tourist resort, resort, summer resort.* centro turístico costero = beachside resort, seaside resort, coastal resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro tutelar de menores = juvenile detention centre.* centro urbano = downtown, city centre, town centre.* conseguir ser el centro de atención = capture + spotlight, grab + the spotlight, grab + the limelight.* del centro = middle.* el centro de atención + ser = all eyes + be + on.* en el centro de = at the heart of.* en el mismo centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.* ir al centro = go + downtown.* justo en en centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* material del centro de recursos = resource centre material.* mesa de centro = coffee table.* mesita de centro = coffee table.* no tomándose a uno como el centro de referencia = ex-centric [excentric].* pasar a ser el centro de atención = take + centre stage.* pasar a ser el centro de atención = come into + focus.* período de prácticas en centros = practicum.* personal de un centro multimedia escolar = school media staff.* poner el centro de atención = put + focus.* ser el centro de atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show, cut + a dash.* ser el centro de todas las miradas = cut + a dash.* tomándose a uno como centro de referencia = centric.* un centro único = one stop shop.* visita a centros profesionales = study tour.* zona del centro = midsection [mid-section].* zona deprimida del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* * *I1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•II1)a) (Mat) center*b) ( área central) center*ir al centro de la ciudad — to go downtown (AmE), to go into town o into the town centre (BrE)
centro ciudad/urbano — downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE)
2) ( foco)a) ( de atención) center*b) (de actividades, servicios) center*un gran centro cultural/industrial — a major cultural/industrial center
un centro turístico — an tourist resort o center
3) (establecimiento, institución) center*4) (Pol) center*5) ( en fútbol) cross, center*•* * *= centre [center, -USA], core, hub, office, locus [loci, -pl.], focal point, operation, centrepoint [centerpoint, -USA], pivot.Ex: Over 3,000 such centres were set up, but most had closed by 1949.
Ex: The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.Ex: And since the main entry is the hub and most exacting aspect of our cataloging process, its replacement by a title-unit entry would greatly simplify the problem and expedite the operation of cataloging.Ex: The principal sprang up from her chair and began to perambulate with swift, precise movements about her spacious office.Ex: The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.Ex: The library needs to be developed as the focal point of the community, a place where the public can drop in for all kinds of activities, not necessarily book-related or 'cultural'.Ex: When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.Ex: In our capacity as centerpoints for local activities, we may be equipped with card production equipment for producing catalog cards through the state division of OCLC.Ex: The use of decimal notation is seen as the pivot of Dewey's scheme and notational systems are analysed generally and compared with Dewey's.* barrios pobres del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* biblioteca de centro penitenciario = prison library.* centro accesible mediante Telnet = Telnet-accesible site.* centro administrativo = administrative centre.* centro artístico = art(s) centre.* Centro Bibliotecario en Línea (OCLC) = OCLC (Online Computer Library Center).* centro cívico = civic centre.* centro comercial = shopping centre, shopping precinct, mall of shops, shopping mall, mall, outlet mall, plaza.* centro comunitario = village hall.* centro coordinador = focal point, switching point, coordinating centre, hub.* centro coordinador de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro cultural = cultural centre, cultural institution, cultural venue.* centro de acogida = runaway shelter, refuge, shelter, homeless shelter, shelter home.* centro de acogida de animales = animal shelter.* centro de acogida de mujeres = women's shelter.* centro de actividad = focal point.* centro de adquisiciones = acquisition centre.* centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.* centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.* centro de asesoramiento = counselling centre.* centro de asistencia social = welfare facility.* centro de atención = centre of attention, limelight, centrepiece [centerpiece, -USA], centre stage, focus of concern, focus of interest, focus of attention, focus.* centro de atención al ciudadano = advice centre.* centro de audio = audio centre.* centro de ayuda al empleo = job-help centre.* centro de barrio = neighbourhood centre.* centro de belleza = beauty centre.* centro de cálculo = computer centre, computing centre, central computing facility.* centro de catalogación = cataloguing department.* centro de computación = computing centre.* centro de comunicaciones = communications hub.* centro de congresos = conference centre, convention centre.* centro de control = locus of control, mission control.* centro de coordinación = re-routing centre.* centro de datos = data centre.* centro de deportes = sports centre.* centro de detención = detention centre.* centro de día = day care centre, day centre.* centro de día para mayores = day centre for the elderly.* centro de distribución = distribution centre.* Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).* centro de documentación = clearinghouse [clearing house], documentation centre, information centre, information unit, research centre.* centro de educación de adultos = adult learning centre, adult learner centre.* centro de educación infantil = early education centre.* centro de educación sanitaria = consumer health centre, consumer health information centre.* centro de, el = centre of, the.* centro de enseñanza = education centre.* centro de esquí artificial = dry ski centre.* centro de estudios = study centre.* Centro de Europa = Mitteleurope.* centro de gravedad = centre of gravity.* centro de información = information agency, information centre.* Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).* centro de información ciudadana = community information centre, neighbourhood information centre (NIC).* centro de información laboral = job information centre.* centro de información sectorial = sectoral information centre.* Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.* centro de investigación = research centre, research unit.* centro de jardinería = garden centre.* centro de la ciudad = central city, downtown, city centre.* centro de las ciencias = science centre.* centro del campo = halfway line.* centro de Londres = Inner London.* centro del pueblo = town centre.* centro del visitante = visitor's centre.* centro de material didáctico escolar = school resource centre.* centro de menores = young offender institution.* centro de mesa = epergne.* centro de ocio = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro de orientación = referral centre.* centro de planificación familiar = family planning clinic, planned parenthood centre.* centro deportivo = sports centre.* centro de proceso de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].* centro de recepción de ovejas = sheep station.* centro de recepción y envío = shipping point.* centro de reciclado = recycling centre.* centro de recursos = resource centre.* centro de recursos multimedia = media resource centre.* centro de recursos para el aprendizaje (CRA) = learning hub, learning resource centre (LRC).* centro de referencia = reference centre.* centro de rehabilitación = rehabilitation clinic, rehabilitation centre.* centro de reinserción social = half-way house.* centro de salud = health centre.* centro de trabajo = workplace.* centro de vacaciones = resort, tourist resort.* centro de vacaciones costero = coastal resort, seaside resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro de veraneo = summer resort.* centro de veraneo costero = seaside resort, coastal resort.* centro educativo = educational centre.* centro electoral = polling district.* centro financiero = financial centre.* centro industrial = manufacturing centre.* centro informático = computing centre.* Centro Internacional para la Descripción Bibliográfica del UNISIST = UNIBID.* centro litúrgico = church centre.* centro multimedia = library media centre, media centre.* centro multimedia escolar = school media centre, school library media centre.* centro municipal de información = local authority information outlet.* Centro Nacional de Préstamos = National Lending Centre.* centro neurálgico = powerhouse, power engine.* centro neurálgico, el = nerve centre, the.* centro penitenciario = penitentiary.* centro piloto = pilot centre.* centro recreativo = recreation centre, recreational centre.* centro regional = regional centre.* centro religioso = church centre.* centro social = community centre, village hall, social centre, drop-in centre, community hall.* centro social para veteranos de guerra = Veterans' centre.* centro turístico = tourist resort, resort, summer resort.* centro turístico costero = beachside resort, seaside resort, coastal resort, seaside tourist resort.* centro tutelar de menores = juvenile detention centre.* centro urbano = downtown, city centre, town centre.* conseguir ser el centro de atención = capture + spotlight, grab + the spotlight, grab + the limelight.* del centro = middle.* el centro de atención + ser = all eyes + be + on.* en el centro de = at the heart of.* en el mismo centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.* ir al centro = go + downtown.* justo en en centro (de) = plumb in the middle (of).* material del centro de recursos = resource centre material.* mesa de centro = coffee table.* mesita de centro = coffee table.* no tomándose a uno como el centro de referencia = ex-centric [excentric].* pasar a ser el centro de atención = take + centre stage.* pasar a ser el centro de atención = come into + focus.* período de prácticas en centros = practicum.* personal de un centro multimedia escolar = school media staff.* poner el centro de atención = put + focus.* ser el centro de atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show, cut + a dash.* ser el centro de todas las miradas = cut + a dash.* tomándose a uno como centro de referencia = centric.* un centro único = one stop shop.* visita a centros profesionales = study tour.* zona del centro = midsection [mid-section].* zona deprimida del centro de la ciudad = inner city.* * *A1 ( Mat) center*2 (área central) center*en el centro de la habitación in the middle o center of the roomel terremoto afectó al centro del país the earthquake affected the central region o the center of the countrylos países del centro de Europa the countries of Central Europevive en pleno centro de la ciudad she lives right in the center of the town/citytengo que ir al centro a hacer unas compras I have to go downtown to do some shopping ( AmE), I have to go into town o into the town centre to do some shopping ( BrE)Compuestos:center* of gravitymidfieldcenterpiece*nerve center*center* of power(de una organización) nerve center*; (de una ciudad) heartB (foco)1 (de atención) center*ha sido el centro de todos los comentarios it has been the main talking pointfueron el centro de todas las miradas all eyes were on themse ha convertido estos días en el centro de interés it has become the focus of attention recentlyfue el centro de atracción durante la fiesta she was the center of attention at the partyha hecho de su marido el centro de su existencia she has centered her life around her husband2 (de actividades, servicios) center*centro administrativo administrative centerun gran centro cultural/industrial a major cultural/industrial centerCompuestos:center* of interest to touristscall center*operations center*, operations room ( BrE)urban center*, population center*holiday center*( AmL) leisure center*tourist resort o center*C (establecimiento, institución) center*el centro anglo-peruano the Anglo-Peruvian centerCompuestos:civic center*(en Esp) private school o college ( which receives a state subsidy)( Méx) marketcentro de acogidade animales abandonados animal sanctuarycentro de acogida de menores abandonados children's refugecentro de acogida para mujeres maltratadas refuge for battered womencentro de acogida de refugiados reception center* for refugeessupport center*primary care center*call center*user support center*help center*computer center*control center*conference center*coordination center*cost center*cultural center*detention center*spy headquartersprivate school, academymanagement center*information center*detention center*research center*, research establishmentspeech therapy clinic( Esp) high-tech leisure center*family planning clinicsports center*detention center*health center*service center*telecommunications center*space center*( frml); hospitalmedical center*( AmL) leisure center*leisure center*( frml); hospitalD ( Pol) center*E (en fútbol) tbcentro chut cross, center*F* * *
Del verbo centrar: ( conjugate centrar)
centro es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
centró es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
centrar
centro
centrar ( conjugate centrar) verbo transitivo
c) ‹atención/investigación/esfuerzos› centro algo en algo to focus sth on sth
verbo intransitivo (Dep) to center( conjugate center), cross
centrarse verbo pronominal centrose en algo [investigación/atención/esfuerzos] to focus o center( conjugate center) on sth
centro sustantivo masculino
◊ centro ciudad/urbano downtown (AmE), city/town centre (BrE);
ser el centro de atención to be the center of attention;
se convirtió en el centro de interés it became the focus of attention;
centro turístico tourist resort o center;
centro comercial shopping mall (AmE), shopping centre (BrE);
centro de llamadas call center (AmE) o centre (BrE);
centro de planificación familiar family planning clinic
■ sustantivo masculino y femenino ( jugador) center( conjugate center);
centrar verbo transitivo
1 to centre, US center
2 (los esfuerzos, la atención) to concentrate, centre, US center
centro sustantivo masculino
1 middle, centre, US center
2 (de una ciudad) town centre
3 (institución) institution, centre, US center
4 Pol centre party
5 centro comercial, shopping centre
' centro' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ahorrar
- Cesid
- CIS
- ciudad
- consejo
- delantera
- delantero
- docente
- foco
- gravedad
- media
- medio
- mitad
- neurálgica
- neurálgico
- ombligo
- retención
- almendra
- base
- blanco
- comercial
- deportivo
- diana
- hacia
- hípico
- lejos
- mesa
- mismo
- para
- polo
- posta
- preescolar
- rematar
- retirado
- señalización
- señalizar
- trámite
English:
accessible
- barrage
- central
- centre
- centre forward
- city
- community centre
- core
- delay
- downtown
- garden centre
- heart
- hub
- inner city
- institute
- leisure centre
- mall
- middle
- out
- revolve
- ROTC
- run across
- shopping centre
- slap
- space-centre
- spotlight
- teaching centre
- town
- village hall
- walk about
- welfare centre
- call
- center
- clinic
- coffee
- community
- conference
- control
- facility
- focal
- focus
- garden
- health
- holiday
- home
- inner
- leisure
- midtown
- plaza
- polling
* * *centro nm1. [área, punto central] centre;en el centro de la vía in the middle of the track;estaba en el centro de la muchedumbre she was in the middle of the crowd;las lluvias afectarán al centro del país the rain will affect the central region o centre of the country;la jardinería es el centro de su existencia her life revolves around gardeningcentro de atención centre of attention;centro de atracción centre of attraction;las playas son el centro de atracción para el turismo beaches are the main tourist attraction;centro de gravedad centre of gravity;centro de interés centre of interest;Fís centro de masa centre of mass;centro de mesa centrepiece;centro nervioso nerve centre;también Fig centro neurálgico nerve centre; Fís centro óptico optical centre2. [de ciudad] town centre;me voy al centro I'm going to town;tengo una casa en pleno centro I have a house right in the town centre;centro histórico = old (part of) town3. [económico, administrativo] centre;un importante centro financiero/cultural an important financial/cultural centrecentro turístico tourist resort4. [establecimiento, organismo] centre;[planta] plant, factory; [tienda] branch; [colegio] school Esp centro de acogida reception centre; Esp centro de acogida para mujeres maltratadas refuge for battered women;centro asistencial de día day care centre;centro de atención telefónica call centre;centro de cálculo computer centre;centro cívico community centre;Am centro comunal community centre; Am centro comunitario community centre;centro concertado state-subsidized (private) school;centro de control control centre;centro cultural cultural centre;centro demográfico centre of population;centro deportivo sports centre;centro de desintoxicación detoxification centre o clinic;centro de detención detention centre;centro docente educational institution;centro educativo educational institution;centro de enseñanza educational institution;centro espacial space centre;centro de estudios academy, school;centro excursionista hill-walking club;centro hospitalario hospital;centro de información information centre;centro de investigación research institute;Esp Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas = government body responsible for conducting opinion polls, sociological surveys etc;centro de llamadas call centre;Mil centro de mando command centre;centro médico medical centre;centro meteorológico weather centre;centro de negocios business centre;centro penitenciario prison, US penitentiary;centro de planificación familiar family planning clinic;centro regional regional office;centro de rehabilitación rehabilitation centre;centro de salud clinic, Br health centre;centro sanitario clinic, Br health centre;centro social community centre;centro de trabajo workplace;Am centro de tratamiento intensivo intensive care unit5. [en política] centre;un partido de centro a centre party;ser de centro to be at the centre of the political spectrumjuega en el centro del campo he plays in midfieldenvió un centro al área contraria he crossed the ball into the opposition's penalty area;consiguió un espectacular gol con un centro chut he scored a spectacular goal with what was intended more as a cross than a shot* * *m1 center, Brcentre2 DEP cross* * *centro nmf: center (in sports)centro nm1) medio: centercentro de atención: center of attentioncentro de gravedad: center of gravity2) : downtown3)centro de mesa : centerpiece* * *centro n centre -
18 demostrar
v.1 to show, to display.demuestra tener mucho interés (en) he shows a lot of interest (in)2 to demonstrate, to show (funcionamiento, procedimiento).El chico demostró su hipótesis The boy demonstrated his hypothesis.El vendedor demostró sus artículos The salesman demonstrated his ware.3 to demonstrate, to prove.4 to prove to, to demonstrate to, to show to.Mi auto demostró ser el mejor My car proved to be the best.5 to demo, to make a demonstration of.* * *1 (probar) to prove, show2 (hacer una demostración) to demonstrate, show3 (manifestar) to show4 MATEMÁTICAS to prove* * *verb2) show* * *VT1) (=probar) to provedemostró que Galileo tenía razón — she proved Galileo right, she proved o showed that Galileo was right
demostró lo mal que hablaba francés — it proved o showed how badly he spoke French
2) (=enseñar) to show, demonstratenos demostraron cómo funcionaba el sistema eléctrico — they showed us o demonstrated to us how the electrical system worked
3) (=mostrar) [+ emoción, sentimiento] to show, displayno demostró ningún interés en mis problemas — he showed o displayed no interest in my problems
* * *verbo transitivoeso demuestra su ignorancia — that shows o proves his ignorance
ha demostrado ser or que es muy capaz — he's shown himself to be very able
2)a) <interés/sentimiento> to showb) <funcionamiento/método> to demonstrate* * *= demonstrate, evidence, exemplify, prove, show, substantiate, attest to + the fact that, provide + evidence, go to + show, bear + witness.Ex. The two objectives are interdependent, and this can be demonstrated first by examining the first objective.Ex. Although in this case there is no SLIS presence in the teaching, it is noteworthy that the same concern as that evidenced in the City University programme is present.Ex. Natural language indexing is exemplified in many systems by the use of a character-string search.Ex. One must be able to prove that a new staff member was selected with due process and with clearly delineated criteria.Ex. This shows a record in an abstracts based bibliographic data base.Ex. It can be substantiated that in switching over to new technologies we often have not done this kind of linkage.Ex. Statistical reports from several libraries attest to the 'fact' that the great majority of library users are performing topical subject searches, not author/title or known-item searches.Ex. Against that kind of thinking it is pointless to quote research figures and surveys and reports that provide evidence time and again of the importance of book ownership in the acquisition of the 'better education' everybody wants for their children.Ex. This example goes to show that talent for academic work is only one variety of giftedness.Ex. Controversy and antagonism attended each area of investigation, as a flood of secondary publication bears witness.----* demostrar Algo con pruebas = demonstrate + in print.* demostrar claramente = demonstrate + clearly.* demostrar de un modo contundente = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar el argumento de Uno = prove + Posesivo + point, prove + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar la teoría de Uno = prove + Posesivo + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar la valía = realise + the potential.* demostrar lo contrario = prove + differently.* demostrar lo que Uno dice = make + good + Posesivo + claim.* demostrar los sentimientos de Uno = wear + Posesivo + heart on + Posesivo + sleeve, show + Posesivo + feelings.* demostrarlo todo = be proof enough.* demostrar + Posesivo + valía = prove + Posesivo + value, prove + Posesivo + worth, prove + Reflexivo, show + Posesivo + worth.* demostrar + Posesivo + valor = prove + Posesivo + value, prove + Posesivo + worth, prove + Reflexivo, show + Posesivo + worth, prove + Posesivo + courage.* demostrar que Algo no es cierto = debunk.* demostrar que se está en lo cierto = prove + Posesivo + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar que se tiene razón = prove + Posesivo + point, prove + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar ser = prove + to be, establish + a record.* demostrar ser mejor = prove + superior.* demostrar ser necesario = prove + necessary.* demostrar ser superior = prove + superior.* demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.* demostrar sin ninguna duda = demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar sin ningún género de duda = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + emphatically, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar su utilidad = come into + Posesivo + own.* demostrar su valía = prove + its worth, realise + its full potential.* demostrar tajantemente = demonstrate + emphatically.* demostrar un argumento = substantiate + claim.* el movimiento se demuestra andando = actions speak louder than words.* eso demuestra que = it (just) goes to show that.* estar por demostrar = be unproven.* evidencia + demostrar = evidence + show.* experiencia + demostrar = experience + show.* hasta que no se demuestre lo contrario = until proven otherwise.* inocente hasta que se demuestre lo contrario = innocent until proven guilty.* lo que demuestra que = which (just) goes to show that.* que demuestra desequilibrio de carácter = off-balance.* que puede demostrarse = demonstrably.* * *verbo transitivoeso demuestra su ignorancia — that shows o proves his ignorance
ha demostrado ser or que es muy capaz — he's shown himself to be very able
2)a) <interés/sentimiento> to showb) <funcionamiento/método> to demonstrate* * *= demonstrate, evidence, exemplify, prove, show, substantiate, attest to + the fact that, provide + evidence, go to + show, bear + witness.Ex: The two objectives are interdependent, and this can be demonstrated first by examining the first objective.
Ex: Although in this case there is no SLIS presence in the teaching, it is noteworthy that the same concern as that evidenced in the City University programme is present.Ex: Natural language indexing is exemplified in many systems by the use of a character-string search.Ex: One must be able to prove that a new staff member was selected with due process and with clearly delineated criteria.Ex: This shows a record in an abstracts based bibliographic data base.Ex: It can be substantiated that in switching over to new technologies we often have not done this kind of linkage.Ex: Statistical reports from several libraries attest to the 'fact' that the great majority of library users are performing topical subject searches, not author/title or known-item searches.Ex: Against that kind of thinking it is pointless to quote research figures and surveys and reports that provide evidence time and again of the importance of book ownership in the acquisition of the 'better education' everybody wants for their children.Ex: This example goes to show that talent for academic work is only one variety of giftedness.Ex: Controversy and antagonism attended each area of investigation, as a flood of secondary publication bears witness.* demostrar Algo con pruebas = demonstrate + in print.* demostrar claramente = demonstrate + clearly.* demostrar de un modo contundente = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar el argumento de Uno = prove + Posesivo + point, prove + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar la teoría de Uno = prove + Posesivo + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar la valía = realise + the potential.* demostrar lo contrario = prove + differently.* demostrar lo que Uno dice = make + good + Posesivo + claim.* demostrar los sentimientos de Uno = wear + Posesivo + heart on + Posesivo + sleeve, show + Posesivo + feelings.* demostrarlo todo = be proof enough.* demostrar + Posesivo + valía = prove + Posesivo + value, prove + Posesivo + worth, prove + Reflexivo, show + Posesivo + worth.* demostrar + Posesivo + valor = prove + Posesivo + value, prove + Posesivo + worth, prove + Reflexivo, show + Posesivo + worth, prove + Posesivo + courage.* demostrar que Algo no es cierto = debunk.* demostrar que se está en lo cierto = prove + Posesivo + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar que se tiene razón = prove + Posesivo + point, prove + point, make + Posesivo + case.* demostrar ser = prove + to be, establish + a record.* demostrar ser mejor = prove + superior.* demostrar ser necesario = prove + necessary.* demostrar ser superior = prove + superior.* demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.* demostrar sin ninguna duda = demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar sin ningún género de duda = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + emphatically, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.* demostrar su utilidad = come into + Posesivo + own.* demostrar su valía = prove + its worth, realise + its full potential.* demostrar tajantemente = demonstrate + emphatically.* demostrar un argumento = substantiate + claim.* el movimiento se demuestra andando = actions speak louder than words.* eso demuestra que = it (just) goes to show that.* estar por demostrar = be unproven.* evidencia + demostrar = evidence + show.* experiencia + demostrar = experience + show.* hasta que no se demuestre lo contrario = until proven otherwise.* inocente hasta que se demuestre lo contrario = innocent until proven guilty.* lo que demuestra que = which (just) goes to show that.* que demuestra desequilibrio de carácter = off-balance.* que puede demostrarse = demonstrably.* * *vtA (probar) ‹verdad› to prove, demonstrate; ‹teorema› to provesus respuestas demuestran una inteligencia poco común her answers demonstrate above average intelligenceeso demuestra que él ya lo sabía that shows o proves that he already knewte voy a demostrar que tengo razón I'm going to prove to you that I'm rightdemostrar + INF:ha demostrado ser muy capaz he's shown himself to be very abledemostró no tener la más mínima idea he showed o demonstrated that he didn't have the slightest ideaB1 ‹interés/sentimiento› to show2 ‹funcionamiento/método› to demonstrate* * *
demostrar ( conjugate demostrar) verbo transitivo
1 ‹verdad/teorema› to prove, demonstrate;
‹ ignorancia› to show, prove;
demostrar que algo es/no es cierto to prove sth right/wrong
2
demostrar verbo transitivo
1 (enseñar) to show, demonstrate
2 (hacer evidente) to prove
' demostrar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acreditar
- agradecimiento
- comprobar
- denotar
- desplegar
- identificar
- manifestar
- probar
English:
demonstrate
- prove
- show
- skill
- display
- exemplify
- exhibit
- QED
- unproven
* * *demostrar vt1. [mostrar, exhibir] to show, to display;demuestra tener mucho interés (en) he shows a lot of interest (in);demostró ser lo suficientemente responsable para el puesto she showed herself to be responsible enough for the post;el tenista australiano demostró ser uno de los mejores the Australian tennis player proved himself to be one of the best in the game;demostraba no tenerle miedo a nadie she showed that she was afraid of nobody2. [probar] to demonstrate, to prove;¿me quieres? ¡pues demuéstramelo! you love me, do you? well, prove it!;…lo cual demuestra que estabas equivocado …which goes to show that you were wrong3. [funcionamiento, procedimiento] to demonstrate, to show;¿nos podría demostrar cómo funciona? would you mind showing us how it works?* * *v/t1 prove2 ( enseñar) demonstrate3 ( mostrar) show* * *demostrar {19} vt: to demonstrate, to show* * *demostrar vb2. (probar) to prove -
19 sistema
m.1 system (conjunto ordenado).por sistema systematicallysistema circulatorio circulatory systemsistema decimal decimal systemsistema fiscal o impositivo tax systemsistema inmunológico immune systemsistema internacional de unidades SI systemsistema métrico (decimal) metric (decimal) systemsistema monetario europeo European Monetary Systemsistema montañoso mountain chain o rangesistema nervioso nervous systemsistema periódico de los elementos periodic table of elementssistema de seguridad security systemsistema solar solar system2 method.3 system (computing).sistema experto/operativo expert/operating system* * *1 system\por sistema as a rulesistema cableado hard-wired systemsistema de ecuaciones simultaneous equations pluralsistema experto expert systemsistema métrico decimal decimal metric systemsistema montañoso mountain chainsistema nervioso nervous systemsistema operativo operative systemsistema planetario planetary systemsistema solar solar system* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=conjunto ordenado) systemsistema binario — (Inform) binary system
sistema de calefacción — heating, heating system
sistema de fondo fijo — (Com) imprest system
sistema frontal — (Meteo) front, frontal system
sistema inmunitario, sistema inmunológico — immune system
sistema rastreador — [en investigaciones espaciales] tracking system
2) (=método) methodtrabajar con sistema — to work systematically o methodically
yo por sistema lo hago así — I make it a rule to do it this way, I've got into the habit of doing it this way
* * *1) ( método) systemtrabajar con sistema — to work systematically o methodically
2) ( conjunto organizado) systemel sistema educativo/impositivo — the education/tax system
•* * *= framework, machinery, system, regime [régime], ways and means.Ex. The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.Ex. We can choose to turn our backs on these principles with fatuous arguments which posit their anachronism and the nonexistent intelligence of computing machinery.Ex. The training of users of On-line Public Access Catalogues (OPACs) should be attuned to the characteristics of the system = La formación de usuarios de los catálogos en linea de acceso público (CEAP) debería estar en consonancia con las características del sistema.Ex. This study found that online access to scientific serials is most appropriate in the third world, principally due to the presence of a small number of scientists with a broad range of interests which makes the fixed-price regimes of print, microform or CD-ROM disadvantageous.Ex. Teachers need to be more familiar with bibliographical ways and means: librarians should be more aware of problems from the teachers' perspective and make active efforts to inform teachers of sources of help.----* abusar del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.* activar un sistema = activate + system.* administrador del sistema = system administrator.* ADONIS (Distribución automática de documentos a través de sistemas de inform = ADONIS (Automated Document Delivery Over Networked Information Systems).* alterar el sistema = perturb + the system.* análisis de sistemas = system(s) analysis.* analista de sistemas = system(s) analyst.* analista de sistemas de gestión bibliotecaria = library systems analyst.* aprovecharse del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.* auditoría de sistemas = systems audit, systems auditing.* auditoría de sistemas de información = information systems auditing, information systems audit.* bibliotecario de sistemas = systems librarian.* brecha del sistema de seguridad = security leak.* brecha en el sistema de seguridad = security hole.* burlar el sistema = beat + the system, game + the system.* caída del sistema = system crash.* catálogo del sistema = system catalogue.* Comité Conjunto para Sistemas de Información (JISC) = Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC).* configurador del sistema = system configurator.* controlador del sistema = system controller.* conversión al sistema decimal = decimalisation [decimalization, -USA].* conversión al sistema métrico = metrication.* convertir al sistema decimal = decimalise [decimalize, -USA].* copia de seguridad del sistema = system backup.* desafiar al sistema = beat + the system.* desarrollo de sistemas = system(s) development.* de todo el sistema = systemwide.* diseñador de sistemas = systems designer, system designer, system developer.* diseño de sistemas = systems design.* documentación del sistema = system documentation.* engañar al sistema = beat + the system, game + the system.* en todo el sistema = systemwide.* entre el hombre y el sistema = human-system.* en varios sistemas = cross-system.* evaluación de sistemas = system(s) evaluation.* fichero de existencias del sistema = system holdings file.* fichero de usuarios del sistema = system user file.* funcionar por un sistema de turnos = work on + a rota system, work on + a rota, work + shifts.* interfaz usuario-sistema = user/system interface.* ir en contra del sistema = buck + the system.* ISDS (Sistema Internacional de Datos sobre Publicaciones Seriadas) = ISDS (International Serials Data System).* mantener un sistema de turnos = hold + a rota of.* mostrar el prompt del sistema = prompt.* NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).* nombre de acceso al sistema = system logon name.* organizar un sistema de turnos de + Nombre = organise + a rota of + Nombre.* PADIS (Sistema de Información para el Desarrollo de Africa) = PADIS (Pan-African Development Information System).* parecido a un sistema experto = expert-type.* promovido por el propio sistema de información = information-led.* prompt del sistema = system prompt.* propio del sistema = built-in.* protección del sistema = system security.* proveedor de sistemas = systems supplier, system supplier [systems supplier].* Proyecto para Sistemas Conectados (LSP) = Linked Systems Project (LSP).* responsable del sistema = system programmer.* seguridad del sistema = system security.* sistema abierto = open system.* sistema agrícola = farming system.* sistema anglosajón de medidas = imperial measures.* sistema anticuado = legacy system.* sistema antiguo = legacy system.* sistema antirrobo de libros = book security system, library security system.* sistema auditivo, el = auditory system, the.* sistema automatizado = data system, automated system, computerised system.* sistema automatizado de bibliotecas = automated library information system, library computer system.* sistema automatizado de indización = computer-based indexing system.* sistema automatizado de préstamo = automated lending system, computerised issue system.* sistema automatizado multimedia = multimedia computer system.* sistema automatizado para la recuperación = computerised document retrieval system, computerised information retrieval system.* sistema automatizado para la recuperación de documentos = computerised document retrieval system.* sistema automatizado para la recuperación de información = computerised information retrieval system.* sistema automatizado por microordenador = microcomputer-based system.* sistema bancario, el = banking system, the.* sistema basado en el conocimiento = knowledge-base system.* sistema basado en las imágenes = image-based system.* sistema bibliotecario = library system.* sistema bibliotecario automatizado = automated library system.* sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de un sólo tipo = single-type library system.* sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de varios tipos = multitype library system.* sistema bibliotecario nacional = national library system.* sistema bibliotecario regional = regional library system.* sistema bibliotecario universitario = university library system.* sistema + caerse = system + crash.* sistema cardiovascular = cardiovascular system.* sistema cerebroespinal, el = cerebrospinal system, the.* sistema circulatorio = circulatory system.* sistema comercial = market system, commercial system.* sistema de abastecimiento de agua = waterworks.* sistema de acceso mediante tarjeta = card access system.* sistema de aire acondicionado = air conditioning system, air cooling system.* sistema de alarma = alarm system, detection system.* sistema de alcantarillado = sewerage system, sewerage.* sistema de alerta = early warning system.* sistema de alerta de novedades tecnológicas = technology watch.* sistema de alerta temprana = early warning system.* sistema de alimentación = fuel system.* sistema de almacenamiento y recuperación de la información = information storage and retrieval system.* sistema de altas presiones = high-pressure system, ridge of high pressure.* sistema de alumbrado = lighting system.* sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.* sistema de archivo = archiving system.* sistema de arranque = starting system.* sistema de asignaturas optativas = course elective system.* sistema de asistencia sanitaria = health care system.* sistema de autoedición = desktop system.* sistema de automatización de bibliotecas = library automation system.* sistema de aviso de reclamaciones = claims warning system.* sistema de ayuda = help system.* sistema de ayuda a la gestión = management support system (MSS).* sistema de bajas presiones = ridge of low pressure, low pressure system.* sistema de becas = grant scheme.* sistema de bibliotecas públicas = public library system.* sistema de búsqueda = paging system.* sistema de cableado = wiring system.* sistema de cables eléctricos = electrical wiring.* sistema de calefacción = heating system.* sistema de castas = caste system.* sistema de cierre = locking system.* sistema decimal = decimal system.* sistema de circulación automatizado = automated circulation system.* sistema de circulación del agua = water circulation system.* sistema de clases sociales = class system.* sistema de clasificación = classification scheme, scheme, classification system, classification schedules, grading system.* sistema de clasificación analítico = analytical classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación de Bliss = Bliss classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación decimal = decimal classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación de la Biblioteca del Congreso = LCC (Library of Congress Classification).* sistema de clasificación dicotomizado = dichotomized classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación enciclopédica = general classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación enumerativo = enumerative classification scheme, enumerative scheme.* sistema de clasificación especializado = special classification scheme, special scheme.* sistema de clasificación facetado = faceted classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación general = general scheme, general classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación jerárquico = hierarchical classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación lineal = linear classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación multidimensional = multidimensional classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación por disciplinas = discipline-oriented scheme.* sistema de clasificación sintético = synthetic classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación universal = universal classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación verbal = verbal classification system.* sistema de cobro por la información usada = information metering.* sistema de codificación = coding system.* sistema de compañías = companionship system.* sistema de comunicación = communication system.* sistema de comunicaciones = communication system.* Sistema de Comunicaciones y de Archivo Fotográfico (PACS) = Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS).* sistema de comunicación óptica = optical communication system.* Sistema de Comunicación por Paquetes (PSS) = Packet-Switching System (PSS).* sistema de conductos eléctricos = ducting system.* sistema de conferencia en línea = online conferencing system.* sistema de control = monitoring system, vetting system.* sistema de control de la salida = exit control system.* sistema de control de publicaciones seriadas = serials system, serials control system.* sistema de conversión de texto a voz = text-to-speech system.* sistema de copias de seguridad = backup system.* sistema de creencias = belief system.* sistema de criba = vetting system.* sistema de deducción de puntos = points system.* sistema de defensa = defence system.* sistema de detección = detection system.* sistema de detección de libros = book detection system.* sistema de digitalización de documentos = document imaging system.* sistema de discos ópticos = optical disc system.* sistema de distribución = distribution system.* sistema de drenaje = drainage system.* sistema de emergencia = backup supply, backup system.* sistema de emisión de gases = exhaust system.* sistema de emisión de humos = exhaust system.* sistema de encendido = ignition system.* sistema de entrada mediante tarjetas = card-entry system.* sistema de entrada múltiple = multiple entry system.* sistema de entrada única = single entry system.* sistema de escritura = writing system.* sistema de evaluación = rating system.* sistema de evaluación anónima = double-blind.* sistema de evaluación por paresanónima = double-blind refereeing system.* sistema de extinción de incendios mediante rociadores de agua = water sprinkler fire extinguishing system.* sistema de extinción de incendios = fire extinguishing system, extinguishing system.* sistema de extinción de incendios mediante gas halón = halon gas fire extinguishing system.* sistema de facturación = billing system.* sistema de facturación por uso = cost billing system.* sistema defensivo = defence system.* sistema de fichas = card based system.* sistema de fichas peek-a-boo = peek-a-boo system.* sistema de frenado = brake system, braking system.* sistema de frenado antibloqueo = antilock braking system.* sistema de frenos = brake system, braking system.* sistema de géneros = sex/gender system.* sistema de gestión bibliotecaria = library system, library management system.* sistema de gestión de documentos = record(s) system.* sistema de gestión de documentos electrónicos = electronic document management system (EDMS).* sistema de gestión de imágenes = imaging system, image-based system, image management system.* sistema de gestión de la información (SGI) = information management system (IMS).* sistema de gestión del conocimiento = knowledge management system (KMS).* Sistema de Gestión de Mensajes (MHS) = Message Handling System (MHS).* sistema de gestión de registros = record(s) system.* sistema de gestión documental = information retrieval system (IRS), record(s) system.* sistema de gobierno = polity.* sistema de iluminación = lighting system.* sistema de incentivos = reward system, system of incentives [incentive system].* sistema de indización = indexing system, index system.* sistema de indización con conservación del contexto (PRECIS) = PRECIS.* Sistema de Indización de Estructura Profunda (DSIS) = Deep Structure Indexing System (DSIS).* sistema de indización de fichas = card index system.* Sistema de Indización por Frases Anidadas (NEPHIS) = Nested Phrase Indexing System (NEPHIS).* sistema de indización postcoordinada = post-coordinate indexing system.* sistema de indización PRECIS = PRECIS indexing system.* sistema de indización precoordinada = pre-coordinate indexing system.* sistema de información = information system.* Sistema de Información Bibliotecario = LIBRIS.* sistema de información documental = document information system.* Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) = Geographic Information System (GIS).* sistema de información integrado = integrated information system.* sistema de información sectorial = sectoral information system.* Sistema de Información sobre Literatura Gris en Europa (SIGLE) = SIGLE (System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe).* sistema + dejar de funcionar = system + crash.* sistema de justicia penal = criminal justice system.* sistema de la ciencia, el = system of science, the.* sistema de lápiz óptico = data pen system.* sistema de llave en mano = turnkey system, turnkey software system.* sistema de lógica difusa = fuzzy system.* sistema del olfato = olfactory system.* sistema de medición de los recursos usados = metering system.* sistema de megafonía = public address system.* sistema de mercado = market system.* sistema de multas = fines system.* sistema de multiusuarios = multi-user system.* sistema de notas = grading system.* sistema de numeración = numbering scheme, numbering system.* sistema de petición de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema de préstamo = circulation system, issue system, lending system, book checking system, charge out system, library issue system.* sistema de préstamo automatizado = automated circulation system.* sistema de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlibrary loan system.* sistema de presupuestación mediante planificación y programación = planning programming budgeting system (PPBS).* sistema de primas = bonus scheme.* sistema de procesamiento de información = information processing system.* sistema de proceso de datos = data processing system.* sistema de proceso de imágenes = imaging system.* sistema de puntuación = point system.* sistema de reclamaciones = chasing system.* sistema de recompensa = reward system.* sistema de reconocimiento académico = academic reward(s) system.* sistema de recuperación = retrieval system.* sistema de recuperación de imágenes = image retrieval system.* sistema de recuperación de información = IR system.* sistema de recuperación de información por medio de menús = menu-based information retrieval system.* sistema de recuperación por relevancia = relevance system.* sistema de referencia = reference system, reference system.* sistema de referencia por coordenadas = grid reference.* sistema de refrigeración = cooling system.* sistema de registro = recording system.* sistema de reservas = booking system.* sistema de retransmisión = relay system.* sistema de rociadores de agua = sprinkler system, water sprinkler system.* sistema de saneamiento = sewerage system, sewerage.* sistema de seguimiento = monitoring system.* sistema de seguridad = security system, backup system.* sistema de selección = vetting system.* sistema de sonido cuadrafónico = quadrophonic system.* sistema de suministro de documentos = document supply system.* sistema de suministro de información = information supply system.* sistema de tarifas = charging system.* sistema de telecomunicaciones = telecommunication system.* sistema de televisión en color = colour system.* sistema de tiempo real = real-time system.* sistema de traducción automatizada = machine translation system.* sistema de transferencia de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema de transmisión de mensajes = messaging system.* sistema de transporte = transport system.* sistema de transporte público = public transport system.* sistema de tratamiento de imágenes = image processing system.* sistema de trueque, el = barter system, the.* sistema de tubos neumáticos = pneumatic tube system.* sistema de turnos = rota system.* sistema de valores = system of values, value system.* sistema de valores personales = personal value system.* sistema de valores sociales = social value system.* sistema de ventilación = ventilation system.* sistema de vídeodisco = video disc system.* Sistema de Vídeo Familiar (VHS) = VHS (Video Home System).* sistema de videotexto = videotext system.* sistema de videotexto público = public viewdata system.* sistema de vigilancia = surveillance system.* sistema de vigilancia electrónica = electronic surveillance system.* sistema digestivo = digestive system.* sistema documental = documentary system.* sistema económico = economic system.* sistema educativo = educational system, education system.* sistema electoral = electoral system.* sistema eléctrico = electrical system.* sistema electrónico de detección de robos = electronic theft detection system.* sistema endocrino, el = endocrine system, the.* sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.* sistema energético = energy system.* sistema en lenguaje natural = natural language system.* sistema en línea = online system.* sistema en red = network system.* sistema en uso = operational system.* sistema escolar, el = school system, the.* sistema ético = ethical system.* sistema experto = expert system, knowledge-base system.* Sistema General de Ordenación (SGO) = Broad System of Ordering (BSO).* sistema híbrido = hybrid system.* sistema ideológico = system of thought.* sistema informático = computing system, computer system.* sistema informático hecho por encargo = tailored system.* sistema inmunológico = immune system.* sistema integrado = integrated system.* sistema integrado de gestión bibliotecaria = integrated library package.* sistema inteligente = intelligent system.* sistema interactivo = interactive system.* sistema interactivo en línea = interactive online system.* sistema intermediario = backend system.* Sistema Internacional de Información sobre Agricultura (AGRIS) = AGRIS (International Agricultural Information System).* Sistema Internacional de Unidades, el = International System of Units, the.* sistema judicial = judicial system.* sistema legal, el = legal system, the.* sistema mercantil = market system.* sistema mercantilista = mercantile system.* sistema métrico decimal, el = metric system, the, decimal metric system, the.* sistema métrico, el = metric system, the.* sistema monetario = coinage.* sistema monetario, el = coinage system, the.* Sistema Monetario Europeo = European Monetary System.* sistema nervioso = nervous system.* sistema nervioso central = central nervous system.* sistema nervioso periférico = peripheral nervous system.* sistema numérico = numbering scheme, numbering system.* sistema obsoleto = legacy system.* sistema ofimático = office system.* sistema olfativo = olfactory system.* sistema operativo = operating system, operational system, computer operating system.* sistema operativo de disco = Disc Operating System (DOS).* sistema óptico = optical system, optical system.* sistema óptico de información = optical information system.* sistema orgánico = organ system.* sistema organizativo = organisational scheme, organisation scheme.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos = markup code.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.* sistema para información geográfica (SIG) = Geographical Information System (GIS).* sistema para la información de gestión = management information system (MIS).* Sistema para la Información Geográfica (SIG) = Geographic Information System (GIS).* sistema para la recuperación de texto libre = free text retrieval system.* sistema penal = penal system.* sistema penitenciario = penal system.* sistema personal = home system.* sistema político = political system.* sistema político unipartidista = one-party rule.* sistema precoordinado = pre-coordinate system.* sistema respiratorio = respiratory system.* sistema social = social system.* sistema solar, el = solar system, the.* sistema + venirse abajo = system + crash.* sistema virtual de gestión de cursos = course management system.* teoría de sistemas = systems theory.* vendedor de sistemas = systems vendor.* volver a levantar el sistema = restart.* * *1) ( método) systemtrabajar con sistema — to work systematically o methodically
2) ( conjunto organizado) systemel sistema educativo/impositivo — the education/tax system
•* * *= framework, machinery, system, regime [régime], ways and means.Ex: The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
Ex: We can choose to turn our backs on these principles with fatuous arguments which posit their anachronism and the nonexistent intelligence of computing machinery.Ex: The training of users of On-line Public Access Catalogues (OPACs) should be attuned to the characteristics of the system = La formación de usuarios de los catálogos en linea de acceso público (CEAP) debería estar en consonancia con las características del sistema.Ex: This study found that online access to scientific serials is most appropriate in the third world, principally due to the presence of a small number of scientists with a broad range of interests which makes the fixed-price regimes of print, microform or CD-ROM disadvantageous.Ex: Teachers need to be more familiar with bibliographical ways and means: librarians should be more aware of problems from the teachers' perspective and make active efforts to inform teachers of sources of help.* abusar del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.* activar un sistema = activate + system.* administrador del sistema = system administrator.* ADONIS (Distribución automática de documentos a través de sistemas de inform = ADONIS (Automated Document Delivery Over Networked Information Systems).* alterar el sistema = perturb + the system.* análisis de sistemas = system(s) analysis.* analista de sistemas = system(s) analyst.* analista de sistemas de gestión bibliotecaria = library systems analyst.* aprovecharse del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.* auditoría de sistemas = systems audit, systems auditing.* auditoría de sistemas de información = information systems auditing, information systems audit.* bibliotecario de sistemas = systems librarian.* brecha del sistema de seguridad = security leak.* brecha en el sistema de seguridad = security hole.* burlar el sistema = beat + the system, game + the system.* caída del sistema = system crash.* catálogo del sistema = system catalogue.* Comité Conjunto para Sistemas de Información (JISC) = Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC).* configurador del sistema = system configurator.* controlador del sistema = system controller.* conversión al sistema decimal = decimalisation [decimalization, -USA].* conversión al sistema métrico = metrication.* convertir al sistema decimal = decimalise [decimalize, -USA].* copia de seguridad del sistema = system backup.* desafiar al sistema = beat + the system.* desarrollo de sistemas = system(s) development.* de todo el sistema = systemwide.* diseñador de sistemas = systems designer, system designer, system developer.* diseño de sistemas = systems design.* documentación del sistema = system documentation.* engañar al sistema = beat + the system, game + the system.* en todo el sistema = systemwide.* entre el hombre y el sistema = human-system.* en varios sistemas = cross-system.* evaluación de sistemas = system(s) evaluation.* fichero de existencias del sistema = system holdings file.* fichero de usuarios del sistema = system user file.* funcionar por un sistema de turnos = work on + a rota system, work on + a rota, work + shifts.* interfaz usuario-sistema = user/system interface.* ir en contra del sistema = buck + the system.* ISDS (Sistema Internacional de Datos sobre Publicaciones Seriadas) = ISDS (International Serials Data System).* mantener un sistema de turnos = hold + a rota of.* mostrar el prompt del sistema = prompt.* NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).* nombre de acceso al sistema = system logon name.* organizar un sistema de turnos de + Nombre = organise + a rota of + Nombre.* PADIS (Sistema de Información para el Desarrollo de Africa) = PADIS (Pan-African Development Information System).* parecido a un sistema experto = expert-type.* promovido por el propio sistema de información = information-led.* prompt del sistema = system prompt.* propio del sistema = built-in.* protección del sistema = system security.* proveedor de sistemas = systems supplier, system supplier [systems supplier].* Proyecto para Sistemas Conectados (LSP) = Linked Systems Project (LSP).* responsable del sistema = system programmer.* seguridad del sistema = system security.* sistema abierto = open system.* sistema agrícola = farming system.* sistema anglosajón de medidas = imperial measures.* sistema anticuado = legacy system.* sistema antiguo = legacy system.* sistema antirrobo de libros = book security system, library security system.* sistema auditivo, el = auditory system, the.* sistema automatizado = data system, automated system, computerised system.* sistema automatizado de bibliotecas = automated library information system, library computer system.* sistema automatizado de indización = computer-based indexing system.* sistema automatizado de préstamo = automated lending system, computerised issue system.* sistema automatizado multimedia = multimedia computer system.* sistema automatizado para la recuperación = computerised document retrieval system, computerised information retrieval system.* sistema automatizado para la recuperación de documentos = computerised document retrieval system.* sistema automatizado para la recuperación de información = computerised information retrieval system.* sistema automatizado por microordenador = microcomputer-based system.* sistema bancario, el = banking system, the.* sistema basado en el conocimiento = knowledge-base system.* sistema basado en las imágenes = image-based system.* sistema bibliotecario = library system.* sistema bibliotecario automatizado = automated library system.* sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de un sólo tipo = single-type library system.* sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de varios tipos = multitype library system.* sistema bibliotecario nacional = national library system.* sistema bibliotecario regional = regional library system.* sistema bibliotecario universitario = university library system.* sistema + caerse = system + crash.* sistema cardiovascular = cardiovascular system.* sistema cerebroespinal, el = cerebrospinal system, the.* sistema circulatorio = circulatory system.* sistema comercial = market system, commercial system.* sistema de abastecimiento de agua = waterworks.* sistema de acceso mediante tarjeta = card access system.* sistema de aire acondicionado = air conditioning system, air cooling system.* sistema de alarma = alarm system, detection system.* sistema de alcantarillado = sewerage system, sewerage.* sistema de alerta = early warning system.* sistema de alerta de novedades tecnológicas = technology watch.* sistema de alerta temprana = early warning system.* sistema de alimentación = fuel system.* sistema de almacenamiento y recuperación de la información = information storage and retrieval system.* sistema de altas presiones = high-pressure system, ridge of high pressure.* sistema de alumbrado = lighting system.* sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.* sistema de archivo = archiving system.* sistema de arranque = starting system.* sistema de asignaturas optativas = course elective system.* sistema de asistencia sanitaria = health care system.* sistema de autoedición = desktop system.* sistema de automatización de bibliotecas = library automation system.* sistema de aviso de reclamaciones = claims warning system.* sistema de ayuda = help system.* sistema de ayuda a la gestión = management support system (MSS).* sistema de bajas presiones = ridge of low pressure, low pressure system.* sistema de becas = grant scheme.* sistema de bibliotecas públicas = public library system.* sistema de búsqueda = paging system.* sistema de cableado = wiring system.* sistema de cables eléctricos = electrical wiring.* sistema de calefacción = heating system.* sistema de castas = caste system.* sistema de cierre = locking system.* sistema decimal = decimal system.* sistema de circulación automatizado = automated circulation system.* sistema de circulación del agua = water circulation system.* sistema de clases sociales = class system.* sistema de clasificación = classification scheme, scheme, classification system, classification schedules, grading system.* sistema de clasificación analítico = analytical classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación de Bliss = Bliss classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación decimal = decimal classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación de la Biblioteca del Congreso = LCC (Library of Congress Classification).* sistema de clasificación dicotomizado = dichotomized classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación enciclopédica = general classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación enumerativo = enumerative classification scheme, enumerative scheme.* sistema de clasificación especializado = special classification scheme, special scheme.* sistema de clasificación facetado = faceted classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación general = general scheme, general classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación jerárquico = hierarchical classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación lineal = linear classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación multidimensional = multidimensional classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación por disciplinas = discipline-oriented scheme.* sistema de clasificación sintético = synthetic classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación universal = universal classification scheme.* sistema de clasificación verbal = verbal classification system.* sistema de cobro por la información usada = information metering.* sistema de codificación = coding system.* sistema de compañías = companionship system.* sistema de comunicación = communication system.* sistema de comunicaciones = communication system.* Sistema de Comunicaciones y de Archivo Fotográfico (PACS) = Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS).* sistema de comunicación óptica = optical communication system.* Sistema de Comunicación por Paquetes (PSS) = Packet-Switching System (PSS).* sistema de conductos eléctricos = ducting system.* sistema de conferencia en línea = online conferencing system.* sistema de control = monitoring system, vetting system.* sistema de control de la salida = exit control system.* sistema de control de publicaciones seriadas = serials system, serials control system.* sistema de conversión de texto a voz = text-to-speech system.* sistema de copias de seguridad = backup system.* sistema de creencias = belief system.* sistema de criba = vetting system.* sistema de deducción de puntos = points system.* sistema de defensa = defence system.* sistema de detección = detection system.* sistema de detección de libros = book detection system.* sistema de digitalización de documentos = document imaging system.* sistema de discos ópticos = optical disc system.* sistema de distribución = distribution system.* sistema de drenaje = drainage system.* sistema de emergencia = backup supply, backup system.* sistema de emisión de gases = exhaust system.* sistema de emisión de humos = exhaust system.* sistema de encendido = ignition system.* sistema de entrada mediante tarjetas = card-entry system.* sistema de entrada múltiple = multiple entry system.* sistema de entrada única = single entry system.* sistema de escritura = writing system.* sistema de evaluación = rating system.* sistema de evaluación anónima = double-blind.* sistema de evaluación por paresanónima = double-blind refereeing system.* sistema de extinción de incendios mediante rociadores de agua = water sprinkler fire extinguishing system.* sistema de extinción de incendios = fire extinguishing system, extinguishing system.* sistema de extinción de incendios mediante gas halón = halon gas fire extinguishing system.* sistema de facturación = billing system.* sistema de facturación por uso = cost billing system.* sistema defensivo = defence system.* sistema de fichas = card based system.* sistema de fichas peek-a-boo = peek-a-boo system.* sistema de frenado = brake system, braking system.* sistema de frenado antibloqueo = antilock braking system.* sistema de frenos = brake system, braking system.* sistema de géneros = sex/gender system.* sistema de gestión bibliotecaria = library system, library management system.* sistema de gestión de documentos = record(s) system.* sistema de gestión de documentos electrónicos = electronic document management system (EDMS).* sistema de gestión de imágenes = imaging system, image-based system, image management system.* sistema de gestión de la información (SGI) = information management system (IMS).* sistema de gestión del conocimiento = knowledge management system (KMS).* Sistema de Gestión de Mensajes (MHS) = Message Handling System (MHS).* sistema de gestión de registros = record(s) system.* sistema de gestión documental = information retrieval system (IRS), record(s) system.* sistema de gobierno = polity.* sistema de iluminación = lighting system.* sistema de incentivos = reward system, system of incentives [incentive system].* sistema de indización = indexing system, index system.* sistema de indización con conservación del contexto (PRECIS) = PRECIS.* Sistema de Indización de Estructura Profunda (DSIS) = Deep Structure Indexing System (DSIS).* sistema de indización de fichas = card index system.* Sistema de Indización por Frases Anidadas (NEPHIS) = Nested Phrase Indexing System (NEPHIS).* sistema de indización postcoordinada = post-coordinate indexing system.* sistema de indización PRECIS = PRECIS indexing system.* sistema de indización precoordinada = pre-coordinate indexing system.* sistema de información = information system.* Sistema de Información Bibliotecario = LIBRIS.* sistema de información documental = document information system.* Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) = Geographic Information System (GIS).* sistema de información integrado = integrated information system.* sistema de información sectorial = sectoral information system.* Sistema de Información sobre Literatura Gris en Europa (SIGLE) = SIGLE (System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe).* sistema + dejar de funcionar = system + crash.* sistema de justicia penal = criminal justice system.* sistema de la ciencia, el = system of science, the.* sistema de lápiz óptico = data pen system.* sistema de llave en mano = turnkey system, turnkey software system.* sistema de lógica difusa = fuzzy system.* sistema del olfato = olfactory system.* sistema de medición de los recursos usados = metering system.* sistema de megafonía = public address system.* sistema de mercado = market system.* sistema de multas = fines system.* sistema de multiusuarios = multi-user system.* sistema de notas = grading system.* sistema de numeración = numbering scheme, numbering system.* sistema de petición de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema de préstamo = circulation system, issue system, lending system, book checking system, charge out system, library issue system.* sistema de préstamo automatizado = automated circulation system.* sistema de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlibrary loan system.* sistema de presupuestación mediante planificación y programación = planning programming budgeting system (PPBS).* sistema de primas = bonus scheme.* sistema de procesamiento de información = information processing system.* sistema de proceso de datos = data processing system.* sistema de proceso de imágenes = imaging system.* sistema de puntuación = point system.* sistema de reclamaciones = chasing system.* sistema de recompensa = reward system.* sistema de reconocimiento académico = academic reward(s) system.* sistema de recuperación = retrieval system.* sistema de recuperación de imágenes = image retrieval system.* sistema de recuperación de información = IR system.* sistema de recuperación de información por medio de menús = menu-based information retrieval system.* sistema de recuperación por relevancia = relevance system.* sistema de referencia = reference system, reference system.* sistema de referencia por coordenadas = grid reference.* sistema de refrigeración = cooling system.* sistema de registro = recording system.* sistema de reservas = booking system.* sistema de retransmisión = relay system.* sistema de rociadores de agua = sprinkler system, water sprinkler system.* sistema de saneamiento = sewerage system, sewerage.* sistema de seguimiento = monitoring system.* sistema de seguridad = security system, backup system.* sistema de selección = vetting system.* sistema de sonido cuadrafónico = quadrophonic system.* sistema de suministro de documentos = document supply system.* sistema de suministro de información = information supply system.* sistema de tarifas = charging system.* sistema de telecomunicaciones = telecommunication system.* sistema de televisión en color = colour system.* sistema de tiempo real = real-time system.* sistema de traducción automatizada = machine translation system.* sistema de transferencia de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema de transmisión de mensajes = messaging system.* sistema de transporte = transport system.* sistema de transporte público = public transport system.* sistema de tratamiento de imágenes = image processing system.* sistema de trueque, el = barter system, the.* sistema de tubos neumáticos = pneumatic tube system.* sistema de turnos = rota system.* sistema de valores = system of values, value system.* sistema de valores personales = personal value system.* sistema de valores sociales = social value system.* sistema de ventilación = ventilation system.* sistema de vídeodisco = video disc system.* Sistema de Vídeo Familiar (VHS) = VHS (Video Home System).* sistema de videotexto = videotext system.* sistema de videotexto público = public viewdata system.* sistema de vigilancia = surveillance system.* sistema de vigilancia electrónica = electronic surveillance system.* sistema digestivo = digestive system.* sistema documental = documentary system.* sistema económico = economic system.* sistema educativo = educational system, education system.* sistema electoral = electoral system.* sistema eléctrico = electrical system.* sistema electrónico de detección de robos = electronic theft detection system.* sistema endocrino, el = endocrine system, the.* sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.* sistema energético = energy system.* sistema en lenguaje natural = natural language system.* sistema en línea = online system.* sistema en red = network system.* sistema en uso = operational system.* sistema escolar, el = school system, the.* sistema ético = ethical system.* sistema experto = expert system, knowledge-base system.* Sistema General de Ordenación (SGO) = Broad System of Ordering (BSO).* sistema híbrido = hybrid system.* sistema ideológico = system of thought.* sistema informático = computing system, computer system.* sistema informático hecho por encargo = tailored system.* sistema inmunológico = immune system.* sistema integrado = integrated system.* sistema integrado de gestión bibliotecaria = integrated library package.* sistema inteligente = intelligent system.* sistema interactivo = interactive system.* sistema interactivo en línea = interactive online system.* sistema intermediario = backend system.* Sistema Internacional de Información sobre Agricultura (AGRIS) = AGRIS (International Agricultural Information System).* Sistema Internacional de Unidades, el = International System of Units, the.* sistema judicial = judicial system.* sistema legal, el = legal system, the.* sistema mercantil = market system.* sistema mercantilista = mercantile system.* sistema métrico decimal, el = metric system, the, decimal metric system, the.* sistema métrico, el = metric system, the.* sistema monetario = coinage.* sistema monetario, el = coinage system, the.* Sistema Monetario Europeo = European Monetary System.* sistema nervioso = nervous system.* sistema nervioso central = central nervous system.* sistema nervioso periférico = peripheral nervous system.* sistema numérico = numbering scheme, numbering system.* sistema obsoleto = legacy system.* sistema ofimático = office system.* sistema olfativo = olfactory system.* sistema operativo = operating system, operational system, computer operating system.* sistema operativo de disco = Disc Operating System (DOS).* sistema óptico = optical system, optical system.* sistema óptico de información = optical information system.* sistema orgánico = organ system.* sistema organizativo = organisational scheme, organisation scheme.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos = markup code.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.* sistema para información geográfica (SIG) = Geographical Information System (GIS).* sistema para la información de gestión = management information system (MIS).* Sistema para la Información Geográfica (SIG) = Geographic Information System (GIS).* sistema para la recuperación de texto libre = free text retrieval system.* sistema penal = penal system.* sistema penitenciario = penal system.* sistema personal = home system.* sistema político = political system.* sistema político unipartidista = one-party rule.* sistema precoordinado = pre-coordinate system.* sistema respiratorio = respiratory system.* sistema social = social system.* sistema solar, el = solar system, the.* sistema + venirse abajo = system + crash.* sistema virtual de gestión de cursos = course management system.* teoría de sistemas = systems theory.* vendedor de sistemas = systems vendor.* volver a levantar el sistema = restart.* * *A (método) systemnecesitamos un nuevo sistema we need a new way of doing things o a new systemtrabajar con sistema to work systematically o methodicallyél se opone a todo lo que yo propongo, por sistema he systematically o invariably opposes everything I propose, as a matter of course he opposes everything I proposeB1 (conjunto organizado) systemel sistema educativo/impositivo the education/tax systemel sistema de calefacción the heating system2 ( Inf) systementrar en or al sistema to log in o onsalir del sistema to log out o offCompuestos:( Mil) Electronic Counter Measuresdistribution systemset of simultaneous equationssatellite navegation systemthrough-ticketingexpert system[ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ], [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ], [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ], [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ], [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]metric systemEuropean Monetary Systemmountain rangenervous systemcentral nervous systemoperating systemdisk operating systemsolar system( Esp) through-ticketing* * *
sistema sustantivo masculino
1 ( método) system;◊ trabajar con sistema to work systematically o methodically
2 ( conjunto organizado) system;
sistema solar solar system;
Ssistema Monetario Europeo European Monetary System
3 (Inf) system;◊ entrar en el/salir del sistema to log on/off
sistema sustantivo masculino
1 system
sistema circulatorio, circulatory system
sistema operativo, operating system
2 (modo) tenemos que buscar un sistema para hacerlo, we have to find a way to do it
♦ Locuciones: por sistema, as a rule
' sistema' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bicameral
- decimal
- dicotomía
- educativa
- educativo
- enseñanza
- inconveniente
- instrumentación
- inutilizar
- LOGSE
- métrica
- métrico
- monetaria
- monetario
- obsoleta
- obsoleto
- perfección
- poner
- refrigeración
- salir
- simulador
- simuladora
- SME
- SMI
- solar
- subsistir
- sufragio
- tributación
- tributaria
- tributario
- vía
- vídeo
- afianzar
- afiliarse
- alfabetizar
- aparato
- aplicar
- cómodo
- complicado
- defecto
- desbaratar
- ejido
- escritura
- falla
- fórmula
- funcionamiento
- impositivo
- inadecuado
- ineficaz
- ingeniar
English:
advanced
- Amtrak
- antilock braking system
- backup
- change over
- decimal system
- develop
- development
- diagram
- DOS
- efficient
- electronic
- establishment
- European Monetary System
- flagship
- glitch
- GPA
- imperial mile
- instal
- install
- institute
- log in
- log off
- log on
- log out
- machinery
- metric
- MIS
- nervous system
- operating system
- operational
- PA
- piecemeal
- plumbing
- pony express
- process
- respiratory system
- retrieval
- sanitary
- service
- set-up
- sewerage
- system
- tax system
- unsystematic
- unsystematically
- comprehensive
- day
- decimalization
- down
* * *♦ nm1. [conjunto ordenado] systemsistema de apertura retardada time lock;sistema de apoyo support system;el sistema bancario the banking system;Astron sistema binario [de estrellas] binary system;sistema cegesimal [de unidades] CGS system;el Sistema Central = Spanish central mountain range;sistema de coordenadas coordinate system;sistema decimal decimal system;TV sistema dual bilingual broadcasting;sistema fiscal tax system;el Sistema Ibérico the Iberian chain;sistema impositivo tax system;sistema internacional de unidades SI system;sistema métrico (decimal) metric (decimal) system;Sistema Monetario Europeo European Monetary System;sistema montañoso mountain chain o range;sistema periódico (de los elementos) periodic table (of elements);sistema planetario planetary system;sistema político political system;sistema de referencia frame of reference;sistema de seguridad security system;sistema solar solar system;sistema de transportes transport system;sistema tributario tax system2. Anat systemsistema cardiovascular cardiovascular system;sistema circulatorio circulatory system;sistema endocrino endocrine system;sistema inmunológico immune system;sistema linfático lymphatic system;sistema nervioso nervous system;sistema nervioso central central nervous system3. [método, orden] method;trabajar con sistema to work methodically4. Informát systemsistema de alimentación ininterrumpida uninterruptible power supply;sistema de almacenamiento storage system;sistema de archivos jerárquicos hierarchical file system;sistema de autor authoring system;sistema binario binary system;sistema experto expert system;sistema de gestión de bases de datos database management system;sistema hexadecimal hexadecimal system, base 16;sistema multiprocesador multiprocessor system;sistema multiusuario multi-user system;sistema de nombres de dominio domain name system;sistema operativo operating system5. Ling system♦ por sistema loc advsystematically;me lleva la contraria por sistema he always argues with everything I saySISTEMA EDUCATIVOThe Spanish education system starts with free nursery school from 3 to 6. This is followed by primary school from 6 to 12, and compulsory secondary education from 12 to 16, successful completion of which entitles pupils to a “secondary school diploma”. There is then a choice of a general course of study (“bachillerato”) or a technical one, both of two years. The bachillerato allows access to university courses, which can lead to a diploma or degree. In Latin America, there is great variation in educational provision from country to country. The end of compulsory education ranges from age 11 in Honduras to 16 in Peru, though in most countries it is between 13 and 15. Actual enrolment in primary school is high, even in the poorer countries, but about a third of secondary-school-age Latin American children are not actually enrolled. In a poor country such as Guatemala this rises to two-thirds, compared with the high level of secondary enrolment in Argentina, Chile or Cuba.* * *m system* * *sistema nm: system* * *sistema n system -
20 segundo
adj.second.adv.secondly, in second place, second.m.1 second, short period of time.2 second, sixtieth part of one minute.3 second best, second.4 Segundo.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: segundar.* * *► adjetivo1 second► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 second1 (tiempo) second\de segunda mano figurado second-handdecir algo con segundas (intenciones) figurado to have an ulterior motive for saying something————————1 (tiempo) second* * *1. (f. - segunda)noun adj.2. noun m.* * *segundo, -a1.ADJ [gen] second; [enseñanza] secondary; [intención] doublesexto 1.en segundo lugar — [en clasificación] in second place; [en discurso] secondly
2. SM / F1) [en orden] [gen] second; (Admin, Mil) second in commandsegundo/a de a bordo — (Náut) first mate; (fig) second in command
2) (Mús) alto3. SM1) (=medida de tiempo) second2) (=piso) second floor, third floor (EEUU)3) (Astron)segunda* * *I- da adjetivo/pronombrea) ( ordinal) secondsegundo plano: en un segundo plano está... in the background is...; quedar relegado a un segundo plano — to be pushed into the background; para ejemplos ver tb quinto
b) <categoría/clase> secondII- da masculino, femenino deputy, second-in-commandIIIa) ( de tiempo) secondun segundo, ahora te atiendo — just a second, I'll be right with you
b) ( medida de ángulo) second* * *I- da adjetivo/pronombrea) ( ordinal) secondsegundo plano: en un segundo plano está... in the background is...; quedar relegado a un segundo plano — to be pushed into the background; para ejemplos ver tb quinto
b) <categoría/clase> secondII- da masculino, femenino deputy, second-in-commandIIIa) ( de tiempo) secondun segundo, ahora te atiendo — just a second, I'll be right with you
b) ( medida de ángulo) second* * *segundo11 = second (2nd), second-best [2nd-best], runner up.Ex: The second part of this volume combines the proceedings of the two 1977 institutes held in New York and Los Angeles.
Ex: In three weeks one could become the second best authority on any subject, given access to a decent library with a good librarian.Ex: This paper gives some information about the winners, highlights of their acceptance speeches at the awards ceremony, and lists the 4 runners up.* alumno de segundo = second grader.* alumno de segundo año = second grader.* alumno de segundo curso = second grader.* coche de segunda mano = used car, second-hand car.* como segunda alternativa = as a backup.* con segundas = double-edged, loaded.* con segundas intenciones = loaded.* dar una segunda oportunidad = give + a second chance.* dar una segunda vida = give + a second life.* dejar en segundo plano = overshadow.* de segunda = second-quality.* de segunda calidad = second-quality, second-best [2nd-best].* de segunda categoría = second-rate.* de segunda clase = second-rate.* de segunda importancia = marginal, back burner, on the back burner, second in importance.* de segunda importancia en relación con = secondary to.* de segunda mano = second-hand [secondhand].* de segundo grado = second-degree, in the second degree.* de segundo nivel = second-level.* de segundo orden = minor, second-order [2nd-order].* el segundo mencionado = latter.* en circuitos de segunda categoría = in the provinces.* en circuitos de segundo orden = in the provinces.* en el segundo caso = in the latter case.* en segundo lugar = secondly, second-best [2nd-best], in the second place.* en un segundo plano = in the background.* inicial del segundo nombre de pila de una persona = middle initial.* la segunda mitad de + Fecha = the latter part of + Fecha.* la segunda opción = the next best choice.* la segunda vez = the second time around.* mercadillo de prendas de segunda mano = rummage sale.* ocupar un segundo plano = stand in + the background.* oír por segundas personas = hear + second-hand.* parte segunda = revisited.* por segunda vez = a second time, the second time around, a second time around.* primer y segundo plato = main dish.* primo segundo = second cousin.* quedar en segundo plano = come in + a poor second.* quedar segundo = come off + second-best.* relegado a un segundo plano = on the back burner, back burner.* relegarse a un segundo plano = take + a back seat.* ropa de segunda mano = second-hand clothes.* segunda casa = second home.* segunda edición = 2nd edition, second edition.* Segunda Edición de las Reglas de Catalogación Anglo-Americanas (RCAA2) = AACR2 (Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 2nd Edition).* Segunda Guerra Mundial = 2nd World War, World War II [Second World War], Second World War [World War II].* segunda manga = second leg.* segunda parte = sequel, follow-up.* segunda vivienda en la ciudad = pied-à-terre.* segunda votación = runoff.* segundo análisis = re-examination [reexamination].* segundo contramaestre = boatswain's mate.* segundo curso = second grade.* segundo de abordo = second in command.* segundo de candidatura = running mate.* segundo en la candidatura de Alguien = running mate.* segundo finalista = first runner up.* segundo molar = 12-year molar.* segundo plato = a little something on the side, entrée, main entrée.* segundo trimestre = second quarter.* ser el segundo de a bordo = play + second fiddle.* tener una segunda oportunidad = get + a second chance, have + a second chance.* tener un segundo empleo = moonlight, work + a second job.* tener un segundo trabajo = moonlight, work + a second job.* TOEFL (Examen de Inglés como Segunda Lengua) = TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language).* una segunda opinión = a second opinion.* una segunda vez = a second time around, a second time.* vendedor de coches de segunda mano = used-car dealer, second-hand car dealer.segundo22 = second, sec.Nota: Abreviatura.Ex: If necessary, it could be made extremely fast by substituting thermionic-tube switching for mechanical switching, so that the full selection could be made in one one-hundredth of a second.
Ex: 'Hang on a sec, okay?' the senior assistant librarian in charge of serials said as she put the phone down.* actuar en segundo plano = lurk in + the wings.* décima de segundo = split second.* en cuestión de segundos = within seconds, in a matter of seconds.* en uno o dos segundos = in an instant or two.* en unos segundos = in seconds.* en un par de segundos = in an instant or two.* en un segundo = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap, with the tip of a hat, in a jiffy, in a heartbeat, in a second.* fracción de segundo = split second.* segundos = moments.* unos segundos de reflexión = a moment's thought, a moment's reflection.* * *adjective / pronoun1 [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] (ordinal) secondsegundo plano: en un segundo plano está … in the background is …quedar relegado a un segundo plano to be pushed into the background2 ‹categoría/clase› secondCompuestos:second rowsecond childhoodmasculine, femininedeputy, second-in-commandCompuesto:segundo de a bordo, segunda de a bordo1 (de tiempo) secondno tardo ni un segundo I won't be a secondun segundo, ahora te atiendo just a second and I'll be with you2 (medida de ángulo) second* * *
segundo 1◊ -da adjetivo/pronombre
para ejemplos ver quinto
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
deputy, second-in-command
segundo 2 sustantivo masculino
second;◊ un segundo, ahora te atiendo just a second, I'll be right with you
segundo,-a
I adjetivo second
la planta segunda, the second floor
II pron second (one): es siempre la segunda en levantarse, she is always the second to get up
viajaremos en segunda, we'll travel second class
III sustantivo masculino
1 (unidad de tiempo) second
fam fig dame un segundo, wait a second
2 (persona) es el segundo (de a bordo) de la empresa, he is second-in-command of the firm
' segundo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
corte
- ecuación
- empatar
- fondo
- plana
- plano
- posponer
- segunda
- segundón
- segundona
- semestre
- centésima
- cursar
- décima
- relegar
- seg.
English:
background
- copilot
- deputy
- divorce
- ESL
- former
- go under
- half
- jiffy
- latter
- moonlight
- next
- other
- raise
- second
- second floor
- second half
- secondly
- split
- stationary
- TEFL
- cousin
- degree
- floor
- intermediate
- middle
- mother
- place
- post
- re-count
- runner
- sophomore
* * *segundo, -a♦ númsecond;de segunda mano second-hand;contraer segundas nupcias to remarry;casarse de segundas to remarryDep la segunda base [posición] second base; Dep el/la segunda base [jugador] second base;segundo equipo [en deporte] second team;la Segunda Guerra Mundial the Second World War, World War Two;segunda lengua second language;segunda línea [en rugby] lock (forward), second row (forward);segunda oportunidad second chance;segunda parte second half;segundo violín second violin;segunda vivienda second home♦ nm,f1. [mencionado antes]vinieron Pedro y Juan, el segundo con… Pedro and Juan arrived, the latter with…2. [ayudante] number twosegundo de a bordo Náut first mate; Fig second-in-command; ver también octavo♦ nm1. [piso] Br second floor, US third floor2. [cantidad de tiempo] second;tres segundos [en baloncesto] three-seconds violation3. [curso universitario] second year4. [curso escolar] = second year of primary school, US ≈ second grade* * *I adj second;prima segunda second cousinII m1 second;el segundo mejor the second best2 de tiempo second4 de edificio:vivir en el segundo live on the third o Br second floor* * *segundo, -da adj: secondel segundo lugar: second placesegundo, -da n1) : second (in a series)2) : second (person), second-in-commandsegundo nm: secondsesenta segundos: sixty seconds* * *segundo1 adj (en el lugar número dos) second
См. также в других словарях:
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